{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ","short_pith_number":"pith:PSFX3NNH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0903.3138","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.data-an","submitted_at":"2009-03-18T12:11:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"2913fc70b90dd0090963c920eaf1fe7aec09336bac595030db711a4bbac052ec","abstract_canon_sha256":"ad4287cf38c054a9bb83b1d9aa2407d199feaeef43a6c864615cc0e0aad1b5a5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7c8b7db5a79d3af8155e6e4b532f674431ebb4326b600fd29572d341b77b3409","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0903.3138","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0903.3138","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0903.3138v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0903.3138","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PSFX3NNHTU5P","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PSFX3NNH","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0903.3138","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.data-an","submitted_at":"2009-03-18T12:11:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"2913fc70b90dd0090963c920eaf1fe7aec09336bac595030db711a4bbac052ec","abstract_canon_sha256":"ad4287cf38c054a9bb83b1d9aa2407d199feaeef43a6c864615cc0e0aad1b5a5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7c8b7db5a79d3af8155e6e4b532f674431ebb4326b600fd29572d341b77b3409","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34.694876Z","signature_b64":"BrmRSEDj8zzqbgeowMlPWnu7gFUtbgRwj6zPIwJBuFMxAB3Vs10ykdWj7buONhfc5eRnU2tVSAgQUNJ2MoqbCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7c8b7db5a79d3af8155e6e4b532f674431ebb4326b600fd29572d341b77b3409","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34.694485Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34.694485Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0903.3138","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"keDV+2V+w8V6ZTx1D9WJu0tC2RZlwpt9MlBaAExKlVUAgKnvcyfZn3JgszdtCXKX3f8u0EPq3Tg6B4R6+03wBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T19:48:20.649773Z"},"content_sha256":"36a0c76d648e851d42757c1afa7c25ad486377dddc43c564d8b6cef6558adad6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:36a0c76d648e851d42757c1afa7c25ad486377dddc43c564d8b6cef6558adad6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Detecting network communities by propagating labels under constraints","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.data-an","authors_text":"John W. Clark, Michael J. Barber","submitted_at":"2009-03-18T12:11:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the recently proposed label-propagation algorithm (LPA) for identifying network communities. We reformulate the LPA as an equivalent optimization problem, giving an objective function whose maxima correspond to community solutions. By considering properties of the objective function, we identify conceptual and practical drawbacks of the label propagation approach, most importantly the disparity between increasing the value of the objective function and improving the quality of communities found. To address the drawbacks, we modify the objective function in the optimization probl"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0903.3138","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/0903.3138/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RoQsbNmdu4ZQVsJXB4njXZZG6trmwTrg2WXcr+hMGZuKfzXSS7TC6StJAIAfBtM8f8dnDJqQI/qvYdj+CsRjAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T19:48:20.650689Z"},"content_sha256":"30f78c82b85c94fe5c0c90ba41c599a73b38b9bb13db5935d5a6eaabea501720","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:30f78c82b85c94fe5c0c90ba41c599a73b38b9bb13db5935d5a6eaabea501720"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-12T19:48:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6NZFVGL3HIQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ad4287cf38c054a9bb83b1d9aa2407d199feaeef43a6c864615cc0e0aad1b5a5","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.data-an","submitted_at":"2009-03-18T12:11:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"2913fc70b90dd0090963c920eaf1fe7aec09336bac595030db711a4bbac052ec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0903.3138","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0903.3138","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0903.3138v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0903.3138","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PSFX3NNHTU5P","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PSFX3NNHTU5PQFK6","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PSFX3NNH","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:30f78c82b85c94fe5c0c90ba41c599a73b38b9bb13db5935d5a6eaabea501720","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/0903.3138/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the recently proposed label-propagation algorithm (LPA) for identifying network communities. We reformulate the LPA as an equivalent optimization problem, giving an objective function whose maxima correspond to community solutions. By considering properties of the objective function, we identify conceptual and practical drawbacks of the label propagation approach, most importantly the disparity between increasing the value of the objective function and improving the quality of communities found. To address the drawbacks, we modify the objective function in the optimization probl","authors_text":"John W. Clark, Michael J. Barber","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.data-an","submitted_at":"2009-03-18T12:11:33Z","title":"Detecting network communities by propagating labels under constraints"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0903.3138","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:36a0c76d648e851d42757c1afa7c25ad486377dddc43c564d8b6cef6558adad6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ad4287cf38c054a9bb83b1d9aa2407d199feaeef43a6c864615cc0e0aad1b5a5","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.data-an","submitted_at":"2009-03-18T12:11:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"2913fc70b90dd0090963c920eaf1fe7aec09336bac595030db711a4bbac052ec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0903.3138","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7c8b7db5a79d3af8155e6e4b532f674431ebb4326b600fd29572d341b77b3409","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7c8b7db5a79d3af8155e6e4b532f674431ebb4326b600fd29572d341b77b3409","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34.694485Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34.694485Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"BrmRSEDj8zzqbgeowMlPWnu7gFUtbgRwj6zPIwJBuFMxAB3Vs10ykdWj7buONhfc5eRnU2tVSAgQUNJ2MoqbCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:48:34.694876Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0903.3138","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:36a0c76d648e851d42757c1afa7c25ad486377dddc43c564d8b6cef6558adad6","sha256:30f78c82b85c94fe5c0c90ba41c599a73b38b9bb13db5935d5a6eaabea501720"],"state_sha256":"cbd53535eb6eb186662524ee67150a514fc64463e2a8eec55a8958d0e88c75c9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"inlv6MlNmw0P2SgkRgjOcuzZ/AcPW7WO8STpNuJT2GcBdVTR5RBYQUD+Irw9hs+Jq0k4paBVcDKE4FgU4HMBCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T19:48:20.716228Z","bundle_sha256":"63c1635325e8e2c87eb55bda98999f1380042523f8f1595c0ce39fbdb6897617"}}