{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R","short_pith_number":"pith:PSNKVDFP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.07718","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T16:24:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"da33970f3dc7e4da1f25edc652c5761158764a53a94559c93d79a0de9d57c0d6","abstract_canon_sha256":"abf5e0ac6ddd38c2878edaf56957fc24f2e91760ca568e41401320c463e72f4e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7c9aaa8cafa70310a8ae7cac570ff8d456e800e86cdcdd1e2963cd1f641e3784","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2505.07718","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.07718","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.07718v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.07718","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PSNKVDFPU4BR","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFO","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PSNKVDFP","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.07718","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T16:24:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"da33970f3dc7e4da1f25edc652c5761158764a53a94559c93d79a0de9d57c0d6","abstract_canon_sha256":"abf5e0ac6ddd38c2878edaf56957fc24f2e91760ca568e41401320c463e72f4e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7c9aaa8cafa70310a8ae7cac570ff8d456e800e86cdcdd1e2963cd1f641e3784","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52.243147Z","signature_b64":"34YC+ahGFV0HhSDJ+5IUSYyPpy+f2XL8P9PkNjXqRFd+UdAyuXnHarj7RAwGgx1j4tHBuGZbTrBF04me7vcGCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7c9aaa8cafa70310a8ae7cac570ff8d456e800e86cdcdd1e2963cd1f641e3784","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52.242739Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52.242739Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2505.07718","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FPb7pS4LfVIQhyX3TipO5bwp15b3jF9hPVO+7rEbXG0Y02Xhf6mEM2EhwO5KP4/Obo99fButdci0G1MkHD4dDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T21:06:34.560461Z"},"content_sha256":"5dbdae86bb38c398092422ebdfe9ec9f7f6ccc241f5c0c68efa28e18e065e893","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5dbdae86bb38c398092422ebdfe9ec9f7f6ccc241f5c0c68efa28e18e065e893"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Effect of Luminosity Outbursts on the Abundance of Pebbles and Their Ice Mantles in Protoplanetary Disks","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Anastasiia Topchieva, Eduard Vorobyov, Tamara Molyarova","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T16:24:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"Centimeter-sized dust grains-pebbles-are necessary for planetesimal formation via the streaming instability, they play an important role in forming protoplanetary cores and giant planets, as well as enriching their atmospheres with chemical elements. This work investigates the effect of luminosity outbursts on the abundance of pebbles and their ice mantles in protoplanetary disks. We perform global simulations of formation and evolution of a self-gravitating viscous protoplanetary disk using the 2D hydrodynamic thin-disk FEOSAD code, which self-consistently reproduces luminosity outbursts. The"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.07718","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2505.07718/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"p4M6PVEfBYcF8RAC4BNfJAVsqC/Bv2Bw1rLuS/rAELEdaM2LG0MdhZOI+wwNJ96nOdcBbHIxCWKu7Om2cdXyAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T21:06:34.560981Z"},"content_sha256":"e50cf380856a0cf2d03a3a49950c15be35b8e7f3ea7739f951b14defe9547366","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e50cf380856a0cf2d03a3a49950c15be35b8e7f3ea7739f951b14defe9547366"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-19T21:06:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFOPSWFOD7Y2R","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"abf5e0ac6ddd38c2878edaf56957fc24f2e91760ca568e41401320c463e72f4e","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T16:24:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"da33970f3dc7e4da1f25edc652c5761158764a53a94559c93d79a0de9d57c0d6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.07718","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.07718","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.07718v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.07718","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PSNKVDFPU4BR","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PSNKVDFPU4BRBKFO","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PSNKVDFP","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e50cf380856a0cf2d03a3a49950c15be35b8e7f3ea7739f951b14defe9547366","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2505.07718/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Centimeter-sized dust grains-pebbles-are necessary for planetesimal formation via the streaming instability, they play an important role in forming protoplanetary cores and giant planets, as well as enriching their atmospheres with chemical elements. This work investigates the effect of luminosity outbursts on the abundance of pebbles and their ice mantles in protoplanetary disks. We perform global simulations of formation and evolution of a self-gravitating viscous protoplanetary disk using the 2D hydrodynamic thin-disk FEOSAD code, which self-consistently reproduces luminosity outbursts. The","authors_text":"Anastasiia Topchieva, Eduard Vorobyov, Tamara Molyarova","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T16:24:28Z","title":"The Effect of Luminosity Outbursts on the Abundance of Pebbles and Their Ice Mantles in Protoplanetary Disks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.07718","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5dbdae86bb38c398092422ebdfe9ec9f7f6ccc241f5c0c68efa28e18e065e893","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"abf5e0ac6ddd38c2878edaf56957fc24f2e91760ca568e41401320c463e72f4e","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T16:24:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"da33970f3dc7e4da1f25edc652c5761158764a53a94559c93d79a0de9d57c0d6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.07718","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7c9aaa8cafa70310a8ae7cac570ff8d456e800e86cdcdd1e2963cd1f641e3784","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7c9aaa8cafa70310a8ae7cac570ff8d456e800e86cdcdd1e2963cd1f641e3784","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52.242739Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52.242739Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"34YC+ahGFV0HhSDJ+5IUSYyPpy+f2XL8P9PkNjXqRFd+UdAyuXnHarj7RAwGgx1j4tHBuGZbTrBF04me7vcGCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:52.243147Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2505.07718","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5dbdae86bb38c398092422ebdfe9ec9f7f6ccc241f5c0c68efa28e18e065e893","sha256:e50cf380856a0cf2d03a3a49950c15be35b8e7f3ea7739f951b14defe9547366"],"state_sha256":"0fcd6a284858ae8056c19ece574fc5ddb749befb282301828db84aff793152e3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BQcQmS7Wqob4C1kogbqoEkzGl8okIKkr9x0tFwhwcxQjglaJTyx6vOozP1feEEuAQ+ObzvE2IId5pm10soofCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T21:06:34.566299Z","bundle_sha256":"e1eab13c908cf9521296b47294a101c0f6534537651846ebcfd19ee6a96efea8"}}