{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2003:PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV","short_pith_number":"pith:PSZM27YX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"physics/0312031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2003-12-03T18:52:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a0775ef79b2d3140a7470572bf49706bfeb4689fbf128bc81ba20bf741e21fc3","abstract_canon_sha256":"2748ad93ae251a047be7118db5393b5ff5b61d26189d4fd6a610257da572d600"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7cb2cd7f174382db15994043f301c3ad7187a15e2bd2dbf0d4d11cb2064e9bf1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"physics/0312031","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"physics/0312031","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"physics/0312031v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.physics/0312031","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PSZM27YXIOBN","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZ","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PSZM27YX","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2003:PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"physics/0312031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2003-12-03T18:52:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a0775ef79b2d3140a7470572bf49706bfeb4689fbf128bc81ba20bf741e21fc3","abstract_canon_sha256":"2748ad93ae251a047be7118db5393b5ff5b61d26189d4fd6a610257da572d600"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7cb2cd7f174382db15994043f301c3ad7187a15e2bd2dbf0d4d11cb2064e9bf1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06.038981Z","signature_b64":"wUGwr8iSh4poafK6EhuBO6+D3h1OQHVenmu+kq2HI1PwueWIFAyOrQgWq2ToYlN62ungKfwxZzIn6aNIpJbfAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7cb2cd7f174382db15994043f301c3ad7187a15e2bd2dbf0d4d11cb2064e9bf1","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06.038581Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06.038581Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"physics/0312031","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9A03mlI3gx4zZ3Jvx1Za4KB9je62xWwP64bpqaPe4I34qZswjoTF56YAuT76098sngS80cg6N659xwXTQAPYCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T01:24:21.885324Z"},"content_sha256":"0345259f02685af5600301e27429efa6cc774b2b240bfd8dc99734d1140bce31","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0345259f02685af5600301e27429efa6cc774b2b240bfd8dc99734d1140bce31"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2003:PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Capacitor Paradox","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","authors_text":"Kirk T. McDonald","submitted_at":"2003-12-03T18:52:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"Consider two capacitors in parallel, but initially isolated by a switch such that one is charged and the other not. After the switch is closed, the charges redistribute themselves in such a way that the final electrostatic energy is less than the initial. We show that the \"missing\" energy has been radiated away by including an appropriate form of the radiation action in an equivalent circuit analysis."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"physics/0312031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/physics/0312031/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"766p+0DyfQdx8tPXpXVy6ukqnIaU6J+SNDDpmyZ9tmteQeen5y+rbztszNvcDaMwGaokasiM6K/fY7gk257BBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T01:24:21.885831Z"},"content_sha256":"2e502c3ed0978da08a52ae0efdf74395dbee6853973146334913ab6a71a3b4fc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2e502c3ed0978da08a52ae0efdf74395dbee6853973146334913ab6a71a3b4fc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T01:24:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2003:PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZIBB7GAODVV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2748ad93ae251a047be7118db5393b5ff5b61d26189d4fd6a610257da572d600","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2003-12-03T18:52:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"a0775ef79b2d3140a7470572bf49706bfeb4689fbf128bc81ba20bf741e21fc3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"physics/0312031","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"physics/0312031","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"physics/0312031v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.physics/0312031","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PSZM27YXIOBN","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PSZM27YXIOBNWFMZ","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PSZM27YX","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2e502c3ed0978da08a52ae0efdf74395dbee6853973146334913ab6a71a3b4fc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/physics/0312031/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Consider two capacitors in parallel, but initially isolated by a switch such that one is charged and the other not. After the switch is closed, the charges redistribute themselves in such a way that the final electrostatic energy is less than the initial. We show that the \"missing\" energy has been radiated away by including an appropriate form of the radiation action in an equivalent circuit analysis.","authors_text":"Kirk T. McDonald","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2003-12-03T18:52:16Z","title":"A Capacitor Paradox"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"physics/0312031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0345259f02685af5600301e27429efa6cc774b2b240bfd8dc99734d1140bce31","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2748ad93ae251a047be7118db5393b5ff5b61d26189d4fd6a610257da572d600","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2003-12-03T18:52:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"a0775ef79b2d3140a7470572bf49706bfeb4689fbf128bc81ba20bf741e21fc3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"physics/0312031","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7cb2cd7f174382db15994043f301c3ad7187a15e2bd2dbf0d4d11cb2064e9bf1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7cb2cd7f174382db15994043f301c3ad7187a15e2bd2dbf0d4d11cb2064e9bf1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06.038581Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06.038581Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wUGwr8iSh4poafK6EhuBO6+D3h1OQHVenmu+kq2HI1PwueWIFAyOrQgWq2ToYlN62ungKfwxZzIn6aNIpJbfAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T14:44:06.038981Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"physics/0312031","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0345259f02685af5600301e27429efa6cc774b2b240bfd8dc99734d1140bce31","sha256:2e502c3ed0978da08a52ae0efdf74395dbee6853973146334913ab6a71a3b4fc"],"state_sha256":"1cb5f769593f573c2f3f0d197643d72637f2f361c53b071f0276d312c3f1da39"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mkEkUuUGYa1xPufF4zrSePJ0v/nWq05F9d1RbUj1Nf0mHDw1JKKM9MhHFTwbS7H9aobubP65GD2yjNHftPSIAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T01:24:21.916583Z","bundle_sha256":"77a0b2aad5e8359e6ccae1cbc45adf70c7d04c5ed431f9492dab1eea2b9fdafc"}}