{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I","short_pith_number":"pith:PT6WNRH7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.01816","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-05-03T13:19:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"9a8cc851d2d3e7b1002fbf4b872b3cb9503d7ffc1a11531f247658ab37dbca00","abstract_canon_sha256":"af680a86ab69a29634ef00239c2603f8e47bf17a27655aa82a89f1a021f14c84"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7cfd66c4ffb8f36a1fe52412f30b86da1f31874e1d66bf48c54d7954311b7799","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2505.01816","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.01816","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.01816v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.01816","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PT6WNRH7XDZW","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7F","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PT6WNRH7","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.01816","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-05-03T13:19:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"9a8cc851d2d3e7b1002fbf4b872b3cb9503d7ffc1a11531f247658ab37dbca00","abstract_canon_sha256":"af680a86ab69a29634ef00239c2603f8e47bf17a27655aa82a89f1a021f14c84"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7cfd66c4ffb8f36a1fe52412f30b86da1f31874e1d66bf48c54d7954311b7799","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04.656397Z","signature_b64":"8sp96qnvad+yb5G1dEjEDIQuB9HmQocVsvuouGIK7UrtJ0YnsRUTeWHPrH3jv8ieHFtQTRxIzrMr3XLuEkdlAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7cfd66c4ffb8f36a1fe52412f30b86da1f31874e1d66bf48c54d7954311b7799","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04.655881Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04.655881Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2505.01816","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5FME0/9KxyHxSuiFZ5hJ01b9qdqghyk829k0PtCvf9u04POGZ6rXoQ+4MJRFxfVFXpD6XQpAu1O45VJEwCQACQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T02:24:29.818528Z"},"content_sha256":"d2d8470316e1753770921ca96a87c975993fc2b310be2849dcf35a98906e8efd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d2d8470316e1753770921ca96a87c975993fc2b310be2849dcf35a98906e8efd"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Asaf Shabtai, Dudu Mimran, Edita Grolman, Eran Aizikovich, Yuval Elovici","submitted_at":"2025-05-03T13:19:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture is revolutionizing cellular networks with its open, multi-vendor design and AI-driven management, aiming to enhance flexibility and reduce costs. Although it has many advantages, O-RAN is not threat-free. While previous studies have mainly examined vulnerabilities arising from O-RAN's intelligent components, this paper is the first to focus on the security challenges and vulnerabilities introduced by transitioning from single-operator to multi-operator RAN architectures. This shift increases the risk of untrusted third-party operators managing"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.01816","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2505.01816/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"O4gj4TN2BDO2vuscUmJyaIjUDx7cJ8E2vuHuuJc0+jVPsUvq8RSP9tS1S3BmdEY7XuAZfm83cFmgwNt/Jeb6CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T02:24:29.819041Z"},"content_sha256":"d00c78fd230b22679fa979dc10dd80f817bcd71bf97ee597845f2c775d47189f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d00c78fd230b22679fa979dc10dd80f817bcd71bf97ee597845f2c775d47189f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T02:24:29Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7FEQJPGC4G3I","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"af680a86ab69a29634ef00239c2603f8e47bf17a27655aa82a89f1a021f14c84","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-05-03T13:19:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"9a8cc851d2d3e7b1002fbf4b872b3cb9503d7ffc1a11531f247658ab37dbca00"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.01816","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.01816","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.01816v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.01816","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PT6WNRH7XDZW","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PT6WNRH7XDZWUH7F","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PT6WNRH7","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d00c78fd230b22679fa979dc10dd80f817bcd71bf97ee597845f2c775d47189f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2505.01816/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture is revolutionizing cellular networks with its open, multi-vendor design and AI-driven management, aiming to enhance flexibility and reduce costs. Although it has many advantages, O-RAN is not threat-free. While previous studies have mainly examined vulnerabilities arising from O-RAN's intelligent components, this paper is the first to focus on the security challenges and vulnerabilities introduced by transitioning from single-operator to multi-operator RAN architectures. This shift increases the risk of untrusted third-party operators managing","authors_text":"Asaf Shabtai, Dudu Mimran, Edita Grolman, Eran Aizikovich, Yuval Elovici","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-05-03T13:19:44Z","title":"Rogue Cell: Adversarial Attack and Defense in Untrusted O-RAN Setup Exploiting the Traffic Steering xApp"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.01816","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d2d8470316e1753770921ca96a87c975993fc2b310be2849dcf35a98906e8efd","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"af680a86ab69a29634ef00239c2603f8e47bf17a27655aa82a89f1a021f14c84","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-05-03T13:19:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"9a8cc851d2d3e7b1002fbf4b872b3cb9503d7ffc1a11531f247658ab37dbca00"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.01816","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7cfd66c4ffb8f36a1fe52412f30b86da1f31874e1d66bf48c54d7954311b7799","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7cfd66c4ffb8f36a1fe52412f30b86da1f31874e1d66bf48c54d7954311b7799","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04.655881Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04.655881Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8sp96qnvad+yb5G1dEjEDIQuB9HmQocVsvuouGIK7UrtJ0YnsRUTeWHPrH3jv8ieHFtQTRxIzrMr3XLuEkdlAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:58:04.656397Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2505.01816","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d2d8470316e1753770921ca96a87c975993fc2b310be2849dcf35a98906e8efd","sha256:d00c78fd230b22679fa979dc10dd80f817bcd71bf97ee597845f2c775d47189f"],"state_sha256":"1b3bef92ec5e55622635ccb32826394d3f4710d8ff655d93f30fdbaab9785092"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CiK5ueWbXFkZvqEde9XdQWsCIPlcD3ygoJBLoZlO1JKD7WEzesbz7JPukekAl/qyjPLnA3+Ep1YSH0dclJY3Dg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T02:24:29.824256Z","bundle_sha256":"afc671f677ef3d5ceeaed54e1af288926a6405a2aa17305b5839916e5c75963e"}}