{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI","short_pith_number":"pith:PTTHWPOR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2010.11386","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2020-10-22T02:26:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"1cd78233236f52d0a494a7fed8a53b0827f0532423a6b3358696e20f6bd46fc9","abstract_canon_sha256":"55362e35b399edb8ea5b98c883888a0f2f80c73deca494c0615d7998d13917ed"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7ce67b3dd11b3ec741705e7054fe5232007e341dfa192ac52afb7a0799bc7c2f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2010.11386","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2010.11386","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2010.11386v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2010.11386","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PTTHWPORDM7M","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PTTHWPOR","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2010.11386","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2020-10-22T02:26:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"1cd78233236f52d0a494a7fed8a53b0827f0532423a6b3358696e20f6bd46fc9","abstract_canon_sha256":"55362e35b399edb8ea5b98c883888a0f2f80c73deca494c0615d7998d13917ed"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7ce67b3dd11b3ec741705e7054fe5232007e341dfa192ac52afb7a0799bc7c2f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09.575787Z","signature_b64":"9a+t1qxW6Tns+/vLW52iefH5h5ahaUSj9VpDlOqjwGZbrQW79xrGWlQ5fZJhJxW6N111/b+E5POclCnShlmiBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7ce67b3dd11b3ec741705e7054fe5232007e341dfa192ac52afb7a0799bc7c2f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09.575275Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09.575275Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2010.11386","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8yFpgzC/cyGuTl6mQoVI89gP8iXvtqpAhgRxiyWG7TBGjdBZPpIKsgwTuZvp+U/ymJCMV3iy4aXXyutl6PPOBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T16:48:39.460136Z"},"content_sha256":"1ac057f67119c3a02725c856388b0c75325cad85346f4e6528eee49d094c76c6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1ac057f67119c3a02725c856388b0c75325cad85346f4e6528eee49d094c76c6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Distilling Dense Representations for Ranking using Tightly-Coupled Teachers","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.IR","authors_text":"Jheng-Hong Yang, Jimmy Lin, Sheng-Chieh Lin","submitted_at":"2020-10-22T02:26:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present an approach to ranking with dense representations that applies knowledge distillation to improve the recently proposed late-interaction ColBERT model. Specifically, we distill the knowledge from ColBERT's expressive MaxSim operator for computing relevance scores into a simple dot product, thus enabling single-step ANN search. Our key insight is that during distillation, tight coupling between the teacher model and the student model enables more flexible distillation strategies and yields better learned representations. We empirically show that our approach improves query latency and"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2010.11386","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2010.11386/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2XJnklUJSbHYpqTJQzm8UuKQHEzR/IQmHrrBX0DAuGZewV017Xl52W4xQMrdOxnAK2a97GeneGPG/osfL4u/CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T16:48:39.460673Z"},"content_sha256":"3becaf3ff4a22eed211b748d254f5f13c4b6ed30b13534e1fc3485165974a6a3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3becaf3ff4a22eed211b748d254f5f13c4b6ed30b13534e1fc3485165974a6a3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T16:48:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQLZYFJ7SSGI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"55362e35b399edb8ea5b98c883888a0f2f80c73deca494c0615d7998d13917ed","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2020-10-22T02:26:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"1cd78233236f52d0a494a7fed8a53b0827f0532423a6b3358696e20f6bd46fc9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2010.11386","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2010.11386","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2010.11386v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2010.11386","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PTTHWPORDM7M","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PTTHWPORDM7MOQLQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PTTHWPOR","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3becaf3ff4a22eed211b748d254f5f13c4b6ed30b13534e1fc3485165974a6a3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2010.11386/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present an approach to ranking with dense representations that applies knowledge distillation to improve the recently proposed late-interaction ColBERT model. Specifically, we distill the knowledge from ColBERT's expressive MaxSim operator for computing relevance scores into a simple dot product, thus enabling single-step ANN search. Our key insight is that during distillation, tight coupling between the teacher model and the student model enables more flexible distillation strategies and yields better learned representations. We empirically show that our approach improves query latency and","authors_text":"Jheng-Hong Yang, Jimmy Lin, Sheng-Chieh Lin","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2020-10-22T02:26:01Z","title":"Distilling Dense Representations for Ranking using Tightly-Coupled Teachers"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2010.11386","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1ac057f67119c3a02725c856388b0c75325cad85346f4e6528eee49d094c76c6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"55362e35b399edb8ea5b98c883888a0f2f80c73deca494c0615d7998d13917ed","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2020-10-22T02:26:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"1cd78233236f52d0a494a7fed8a53b0827f0532423a6b3358696e20f6bd46fc9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2010.11386","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7ce67b3dd11b3ec741705e7054fe5232007e341dfa192ac52afb7a0799bc7c2f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7ce67b3dd11b3ec741705e7054fe5232007e341dfa192ac52afb7a0799bc7c2f","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09.575275Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09.575275Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"9a+t1qxW6Tns+/vLW52iefH5h5ahaUSj9VpDlOqjwGZbrQW79xrGWlQ5fZJhJxW6N111/b+E5POclCnShlmiBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:45:09.575787Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2010.11386","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1ac057f67119c3a02725c856388b0c75325cad85346f4e6528eee49d094c76c6","sha256:3becaf3ff4a22eed211b748d254f5f13c4b6ed30b13534e1fc3485165974a6a3"],"state_sha256":"b306bd823cfed1bf7d87199781e2a9651fb012ec5c103a48da13479321d56713"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GvUOgVpSV0sERCNTDyPmlfrIQI/O9xIYT6/8+EDlSsZfXAoGGcovOrdy9qbdSTte5GSLlschg2sViELM5s0QBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T16:48:39.465082Z","bundle_sha256":"7aa3decdfcd38c6a74f2cba9a0610492b238eb44ceeb56e19ef90c13edfa9ae3"}}