{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM","short_pith_number":"pith:PU5OCWFE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0903.2479","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-03-13T20:03:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"287a65b73a776f3683ff426e516489604f369e78c733b95f348d191dd6d4d1d0","abstract_canon_sha256":"d3b4831d93ab54fa7983cf5f1c3a0fe602524d64efcbec14d8cc7ec2bc0e3ebc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7d3ae158a40a9c40f870ae77f53deebb333abf508deaea6f85521dbbaf7159f5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0903.2479","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0903.2479","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0903.2479v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0903.2479","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PU5OCWFEBKOE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PU5OCWFE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0903.2479","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-03-13T20:03:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"287a65b73a776f3683ff426e516489604f369e78c733b95f348d191dd6d4d1d0","abstract_canon_sha256":"d3b4831d93ab54fa7983cf5f1c3a0fe602524d64efcbec14d8cc7ec2bc0e3ebc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7d3ae158a40a9c40f870ae77f53deebb333abf508deaea6f85521dbbaf7159f5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28.323237Z","signature_b64":"UN5kWLGFuJydYOIwLjIhQjWmLAI/ltnSD9qSjFS25aGEAUJvqcRWL6Vg0PgiJIC0CTrXX1N05qk21tU2B/gcCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7d3ae158a40a9c40f870ae77f53deebb333abf508deaea6f85521dbbaf7159f5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28.322644Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28.322644Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0903.2479","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Z3KIHmnxbszQnlRlB2jTprdXogIE2Pq4jZDfL3wFpSQO6HUZ3uizgZwuP1oqOCsKD/GGO1qNr4BFHB7PxPRxAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T02:47:51.606368Z"},"content_sha256":"7ed44f32138864cd4d991247d09435df05f026ee9cc6cc6d0858968fb4a51b13","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7ed44f32138864cd4d991247d09435df05f026ee9cc6cc6d0858968fb4a51b13"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Compact High-Redshift Galaxies Are the Cores of the Most Massive Present-Day Spheroids","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"(2) CITA, (3) NOAO), Chung-Pei Ma (1) ((1) Berkeley, Eliot Quataert (1), Kevin Bundy (1), Norman Murray (2), Philip F. Hopkins (1), Tod Lauer (3)","submitted_at":"2009-03-13T20:03:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"Observations suggest that effective radii of high-z massive spheroids are as much as a factor ~6 smaller than low-z galaxies of comparable mass. Given the apparent absence of low-z counterparts, this has often been interpreted as indicating that the high density, compact red galaxies must be 'puffed up' by some mechanism. We compare the ensemble of high-z observations with large samples of well-observed low-z ellipticals. At the same physical radii, the stellar surface mass densities of low and high-z systems are comparable. Moreover, the abundance of high surface density material at low redsh"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0903.2479","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"US+dbIh6mM+ywTu9Rs9gYY8KozPkoN1Q4vNkYKajRIiVGEeZ9z7N44LzV9ylu8ZtPRaXyU7O8wO+YAbJ8fReCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T02:47:51.606816Z"},"content_sha256":"1c8945e10cc2505677f88c01a13b1eb32ed54a031cccd68e3df9e0f6fffa992e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1c8945e10cc2505677f88c01a13b1eb32ed54a031cccd68e3df9e0f6fffa992e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-06T02:47:51Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQVZ37KPPOXM","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d3b4831d93ab54fa7983cf5f1c3a0fe602524d64efcbec14d8cc7ec2bc0e3ebc","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-03-13T20:03:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"287a65b73a776f3683ff426e516489604f369e78c733b95f348d191dd6d4d1d0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0903.2479","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0903.2479","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0903.2479v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0903.2479","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PU5OCWFEBKOE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PU5OCWFEBKOEB6DQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PU5OCWFE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1c8945e10cc2505677f88c01a13b1eb32ed54a031cccd68e3df9e0f6fffa992e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Observations suggest that effective radii of high-z massive spheroids are as much as a factor ~6 smaller than low-z galaxies of comparable mass. Given the apparent absence of low-z counterparts, this has often been interpreted as indicating that the high density, compact red galaxies must be 'puffed up' by some mechanism. We compare the ensemble of high-z observations with large samples of well-observed low-z ellipticals. At the same physical radii, the stellar surface mass densities of low and high-z systems are comparable. Moreover, the abundance of high surface density material at low redsh","authors_text":"(2) CITA, (3) NOAO), Chung-Pei Ma (1) ((1) Berkeley, Eliot Quataert (1), Kevin Bundy (1), Norman Murray (2), Philip F. Hopkins (1), Tod Lauer (3)","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-03-13T20:03:55Z","title":"Compact High-Redshift Galaxies Are the Cores of the Most Massive Present-Day Spheroids"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0903.2479","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7ed44f32138864cd4d991247d09435df05f026ee9cc6cc6d0858968fb4a51b13","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d3b4831d93ab54fa7983cf5f1c3a0fe602524d64efcbec14d8cc7ec2bc0e3ebc","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-03-13T20:03:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"287a65b73a776f3683ff426e516489604f369e78c733b95f348d191dd6d4d1d0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0903.2479","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7d3ae158a40a9c40f870ae77f53deebb333abf508deaea6f85521dbbaf7159f5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7d3ae158a40a9c40f870ae77f53deebb333abf508deaea6f85521dbbaf7159f5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28.322644Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28.322644Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"UN5kWLGFuJydYOIwLjIhQjWmLAI/ltnSD9qSjFS25aGEAUJvqcRWL6Vg0PgiJIC0CTrXX1N05qk21tU2B/gcCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:28.323237Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0903.2479","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7ed44f32138864cd4d991247d09435df05f026ee9cc6cc6d0858968fb4a51b13","sha256:1c8945e10cc2505677f88c01a13b1eb32ed54a031cccd68e3df9e0f6fffa992e"],"state_sha256":"3d3d5dee45f3f655d79c8577c4c29eff3b825e4647154f014ab1b3975844ee9e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GDSBNQGCMfXyyCWGOU4QTdMH1NusIkqEQeSGSUOTeUEidYF2nRs12QXxe0OkepIEtuJWtvKjvUyqlp6MW5nVAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T02:47:51.610509Z","bundle_sha256":"a8a051843e1258815ab66dbe4b0ed13115c76260d4de37f3fd2531919721ef0c"}}