{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7","short_pith_number":"pith:PV2MA4IU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.6606","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-11-28T21:03:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d7408e572ba9282e68630843f6ae844de68620ba86ede239f97297b91f3c9313","abstract_canon_sha256":"200d4d1b2e9fc33da64d2a9369bcd6a23bf02b6a2e546131abedab917d0a229c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7d74c07114f570ff149a905cae0fb767fbce347505bc955d2e03042bbf5bd3ac","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1111.6606","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.6606","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.6606v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.6606","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PV2MA4IU6VYP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PV2MA4IU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.6606","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-11-28T21:03:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d7408e572ba9282e68630843f6ae844de68620ba86ede239f97297b91f3c9313","abstract_canon_sha256":"200d4d1b2e9fc33da64d2a9369bcd6a23bf02b6a2e546131abedab917d0a229c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7d74c07114f570ff149a905cae0fb767fbce347505bc955d2e03042bbf5bd3ac","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22.625887Z","signature_b64":"W5znKcE3gYgIAqnlHiWUPrdPRdK/6y+6jG557hSrOfqARK/B8IQ5na6NlDAsqNN2UJ9R613h627XFHRXsnb/Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7d74c07114f570ff149a905cae0fb767fbce347505bc955d2e03042bbf5bd3ac","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22.625252Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22.625252Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1111.6606","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TAEW/2frNgG9ybEX2is2WIoP06KcKLaTrTMpTnNx6RQjtjBVLuL+xYKXktRBYtg7GvvSqyEhYk1e4t9jLgNEDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-20T17:17:34.468127Z"},"content_sha256":"838572c21f6b3c7bf8f16d2e6fe7aea4b3811f52e5485ed686aa015fa1f9f3f4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:838572c21f6b3c7bf8f16d2e6fe7aea4b3811f52e5485ed686aa015fa1f9f3f4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How Starless Are Starless Cores?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Doug Johnstone, James Di Francesco, Melissa Enoch, Rachel Friesen, Sarah Sadavoy, Scott Schnee","submitted_at":"2011-11-28T21:03:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we present the results of CARMA continuum and spectral line observations of the dense core Per-Bolo 45. Although this core has previously been classified as starless, we find evidence for an outflow and conclude that Per-Bolo 45 is actually an embedded, low-luminosity protostar. We discuss the impact of newly discovered, low-luminosity, embedded objects in the Perseus molecular cloud on starless core and protostar lifetimes. We estimate that the starless core lifetime has been overestimated by 4-18% and the Class 0/I protostellar lifetime has been underestimated by 5-20%. Given "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.6606","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5eB6gR84Cjb3kU86tuhe9S3hDIll1MGDTO5EWyZvciEUs6FfiJyvJ9uKzg7LFt3OBgq7Y6R364bLZqfzjOrQBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-20T17:17:34.468787Z"},"content_sha256":"e61ba1a59ef47ec8eb80ce2deea5d8f06dc13c6f10a5a731a3cfd5764371fbaf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e61ba1a59ef47ec8eb80ce2deea5d8f06dc13c6f10a5a731a3cfd5764371fbaf"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-20T17:17:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2SBOK4D5XM7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"200d4d1b2e9fc33da64d2a9369bcd6a23bf02b6a2e546131abedab917d0a229c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-11-28T21:03:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"d7408e572ba9282e68630843f6ae844de68620ba86ede239f97297b91f3c9313"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.6606","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.6606","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.6606v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.6606","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PV2MA4IU6VYP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PV2MA4IU6VYP6FE2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PV2MA4IU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e61ba1a59ef47ec8eb80ce2deea5d8f06dc13c6f10a5a731a3cfd5764371fbaf","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we present the results of CARMA continuum and spectral line observations of the dense core Per-Bolo 45. Although this core has previously been classified as starless, we find evidence for an outflow and conclude that Per-Bolo 45 is actually an embedded, low-luminosity protostar. We discuss the impact of newly discovered, low-luminosity, embedded objects in the Perseus molecular cloud on starless core and protostar lifetimes. We estimate that the starless core lifetime has been overestimated by 4-18% and the Class 0/I protostellar lifetime has been underestimated by 5-20%. Given ","authors_text":"Doug Johnstone, James Di Francesco, Melissa Enoch, Rachel Friesen, Sarah Sadavoy, Scott Schnee","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-11-28T21:03:16Z","title":"How Starless Are Starless Cores?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.6606","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:838572c21f6b3c7bf8f16d2e6fe7aea4b3811f52e5485ed686aa015fa1f9f3f4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"200d4d1b2e9fc33da64d2a9369bcd6a23bf02b6a2e546131abedab917d0a229c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2011-11-28T21:03:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"d7408e572ba9282e68630843f6ae844de68620ba86ede239f97297b91f3c9313"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.6606","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7d74c07114f570ff149a905cae0fb767fbce347505bc955d2e03042bbf5bd3ac","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7d74c07114f570ff149a905cae0fb767fbce347505bc955d2e03042bbf5bd3ac","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22.625252Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22.625252Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"W5znKcE3gYgIAqnlHiWUPrdPRdK/6y+6jG557hSrOfqARK/B8IQ5na6NlDAsqNN2UJ9R613h627XFHRXsnb/Dg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:22.625887Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1111.6606","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:838572c21f6b3c7bf8f16d2e6fe7aea4b3811f52e5485ed686aa015fa1f9f3f4","sha256:e61ba1a59ef47ec8eb80ce2deea5d8f06dc13c6f10a5a731a3cfd5764371fbaf"],"state_sha256":"b37eb3a6480ce13005a4193d5a568a57142a478159354798638a7ab34fdcebc5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8TNX/Qt0HLDy4AnixWFCK+xqlgt/wc4lyAA8MhSa1Y9B9iutEg9Vri002dOfFO51vGsxk+LKtTsEBOzdzSuyBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-20T17:17:34.472612Z","bundle_sha256":"154876ec591135dcf8cb2053980e6210cfb45c26a8e6303157963b5e2b12b425"}}