{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS","short_pith_number":"pith:PXSRQZD6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1108.0403","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-08-01T19:51:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"f2b17af16e0a7dfb64d800649880caed9a7d34b3d00d4c35a18e24c720ed8c53","abstract_canon_sha256":"71fe1695e4101e374fdad80cf70c034dee00fe7e9bab428bb900fa63d814a7bb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7de518647e93f708503db65a6760d82c96335ba4dc554792b3ab447541d217dd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1108.0403","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1108.0403","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1108.0403v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1108.0403","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PXSRQZD6SP3Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PXSRQZD6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1108.0403","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-08-01T19:51:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"f2b17af16e0a7dfb64d800649880caed9a7d34b3d00d4c35a18e24c720ed8c53","abstract_canon_sha256":"71fe1695e4101e374fdad80cf70c034dee00fe7e9bab428bb900fa63d814a7bb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7de518647e93f708503db65a6760d82c96335ba4dc554792b3ab447541d217dd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56.134418Z","signature_b64":"RaDYtJSyWNVPxbHbIyG13iq31zkzSxVZsrwI2p/zwAnX+m2uWooOVSDNkQ8iAHELzZ1k3/a/LNMcWLAeUfkcBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7de518647e93f708503db65a6760d82c96335ba4dc554792b3ab447541d217dd","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56.133975Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56.133975Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1108.0403","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ag7kXWBwlP+Fbs/iX00u5ujVjN+reWHAhtPE9GdOCoYikJ+iYlhnV+CV9qqa0ZOScomGmMxEk6PcWM73aQH0Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-30T14:53:32.645667Z"},"content_sha256":"53c9a0fbb4d4b5f0f47bb89dac92c4a7546117af0ae32934c1a8d4820e904dc0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:53c9a0fbb4d4b5f0f47bb89dac92c4a7546117af0ae32934c1a8d4820e904dc0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Production of dust by massive stars at high redshift","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"A. C. Andersen (Dark Cosmology Centre), C. Gall, J. Hjorth","submitted_at":"2011-08-01T19:51:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"The large amounts of dust detected in sub-millimeter galaxies and quasars at high redshift pose a challenge to galaxy formation models and theories of cosmic dust formation. At z > 6 only stars of relatively high mass (> 3 Msun) are sufficiently short-lived to be potential stellar sources of dust. This review is devoted to identifying and quantifying the most important stellar channels of rapid dust formation. We ascertain the dust production efficiency of stars in the mass range 3-40 Msun using both observed and theoretical dust yields of evolved massive stars and supernovae (SNe) and provide"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1108.0403","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RZKejIQa/xmC9JfkzK04hLa/YtnFLrczuapHji0frqCSFF+8rtAXY2kBSip/7aWlXOLHEjNKvnhPmYgjxey1Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-30T14:53:32.646040Z"},"content_sha256":"8142c5880251fa01cea68dcd4e46e031cf1ce0b6483523511deb8e8a2ebdc07c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8142c5880251fa01cea68dcd4e46e031cf1ce0b6483523511deb8e8a2ebdc07c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-30T14:53:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5WZNGOYGYFS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"71fe1695e4101e374fdad80cf70c034dee00fe7e9bab428bb900fa63d814a7bb","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-08-01T19:51:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2b17af16e0a7dfb64d800649880caed9a7d34b3d00d4c35a18e24c720ed8c53"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1108.0403","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1108.0403","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1108.0403v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1108.0403","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PXSRQZD6SP3Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PXSRQZD6SP3QQUB5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PXSRQZD6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8142c5880251fa01cea68dcd4e46e031cf1ce0b6483523511deb8e8a2ebdc07c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The large amounts of dust detected in sub-millimeter galaxies and quasars at high redshift pose a challenge to galaxy formation models and theories of cosmic dust formation. At z > 6 only stars of relatively high mass (> 3 Msun) are sufficiently short-lived to be potential stellar sources of dust. This review is devoted to identifying and quantifying the most important stellar channels of rapid dust formation. We ascertain the dust production efficiency of stars in the mass range 3-40 Msun using both observed and theoretical dust yields of evolved massive stars and supernovae (SNe) and provide","authors_text":"A. C. Andersen (Dark Cosmology Centre), C. Gall, J. Hjorth","cross_cats":["astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-08-01T19:51:48Z","title":"Production of dust by massive stars at high redshift"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1108.0403","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:53c9a0fbb4d4b5f0f47bb89dac92c4a7546117af0ae32934c1a8d4820e904dc0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"71fe1695e4101e374fdad80cf70c034dee00fe7e9bab428bb900fa63d814a7bb","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-08-01T19:51:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2b17af16e0a7dfb64d800649880caed9a7d34b3d00d4c35a18e24c720ed8c53"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1108.0403","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7de518647e93f708503db65a6760d82c96335ba4dc554792b3ab447541d217dd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7de518647e93f708503db65a6760d82c96335ba4dc554792b3ab447541d217dd","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56.133975Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56.133975Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"RaDYtJSyWNVPxbHbIyG13iq31zkzSxVZsrwI2p/zwAnX+m2uWooOVSDNkQ8iAHELzZ1k3/a/LNMcWLAeUfkcBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:13:56.134418Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1108.0403","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:53c9a0fbb4d4b5f0f47bb89dac92c4a7546117af0ae32934c1a8d4820e904dc0","sha256:8142c5880251fa01cea68dcd4e46e031cf1ce0b6483523511deb8e8a2ebdc07c"],"state_sha256":"51fa54c98cbc7d311dde16c1047fefb09a111223bb85e78c4e1ddea54e81c766"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"L2XUl/g2ngkScWjHip9Ma1R7aeYcsm4Lom23baLg6PBKn+871Wc5A0tkImzWgQHL3rZdDtn1kRG1EtIJJ5YNDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-30T14:53:32.647989Z","bundle_sha256":"47c3b70d4f3e9d4ffe9e7442b0b5199e14b79ab559b50ac959ce3d17768440ed"}}