{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV","short_pith_number":"pith:Q232RAY4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2102.05230","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-02-10T02:49:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"e255e5fbfd7fbd2d20e3bcf197dfa9840cc86178f4f87ea3f3fcbebda555dc68","abstract_canon_sha256":"fcaec2a9b78750e644e14a3a41d0286958e4788cf5cb45f7620dce7e1462c25c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"86b7a8831cf2fade5378f0a13c3e464550cd336a8f932a7b94d1a4780ebf2840","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2102.05230","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2102.05230","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2102.05230v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2102.05230","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q232RAY46L5N","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q232RAY4","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2102.05230","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-02-10T02:49:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"e255e5fbfd7fbd2d20e3bcf197dfa9840cc86178f4f87ea3f3fcbebda555dc68","abstract_canon_sha256":"fcaec2a9b78750e644e14a3a41d0286958e4788cf5cb45f7620dce7e1462c25c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"86b7a8831cf2fade5378f0a13c3e464550cd336a8f932a7b94d1a4780ebf2840","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39.496335Z","signature_b64":"i5CdhT9LUXT8ipBeZMVV9jE7dIqRAwUYB2eXiJRBa/dDaN6EZZJCI93LoTtuTaDm/jp8Fe0WGzoYXsaXWDPADQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"86b7a8831cf2fade5378f0a13c3e464550cd336a8f932a7b94d1a4780ebf2840","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39.495869Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39.495869Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2102.05230","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MjCf7dvcy71SwIY5oNwmEm+esnHAcLu0FalNyyxon+JcHzBz0sE5tPeMdNOFYTgDeI43GJ1lbzHOMZwCXVoNDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T23:21:01.549469Z"},"content_sha256":"42470d23983ebf40204d256c8e0455b8094e2732de8dd87b803857a354d832e7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:42470d23983ebf40204d256c8e0455b8094e2732de8dd87b803857a354d832e7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"GitHub Discussions: An Exploratory Study of Early Adoption","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Christoph Treude, Hideaki Hata, Nicole Novielli, Raula Gaikovina Kula, Sebastian Baltes","submitted_at":"2021-02-10T02:49:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"Discussions is a new feature of GitHub for asking questions or discussing topics outside of specific Issues or Pull Requests. Before being available to all projects in December 2020, it had been tested on selected open source software projects. To understand how developers use this novel feature, how they perceive it, and how it impacts the development processes, we conducted a mixed-methods study based on early adopters of GitHub discussions from January until July 2020. We found that: (1) errors, unexpected behavior, and code reviews are prevalent discussion categories; (2) there is a positi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2102.05230","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2102.05230/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"x0dF5LMRfs6BfMCqSg7RzpbPuk0p1HdrGZECTobTPl3LfsTC2G/B0v5pFYPafFHypbRLKcu4STZFRjqiu5CtCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T23:21:01.549844Z"},"content_sha256":"1b3ead4c7b5627f1f1a78909c20ba5e62cf76e95499de0cce6173851d881b7dc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1b3ead4c7b5627f1f1a78909c20ba5e62cf76e95499de0cce6173851d881b7dc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T23:21:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y6CQTYPSGIV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fcaec2a9b78750e644e14a3a41d0286958e4788cf5cb45f7620dce7e1462c25c","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-02-10T02:49:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"e255e5fbfd7fbd2d20e3bcf197dfa9840cc86178f4f87ea3f3fcbebda555dc68"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2102.05230","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2102.05230","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2102.05230v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2102.05230","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q232RAY46L5N","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q232RAY46L5N4U3Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q232RAY4","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1b3ead4c7b5627f1f1a78909c20ba5e62cf76e95499de0cce6173851d881b7dc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2102.05230/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Discussions is a new feature of GitHub for asking questions or discussing topics outside of specific Issues or Pull Requests. Before being available to all projects in December 2020, it had been tested on selected open source software projects. To understand how developers use this novel feature, how they perceive it, and how it impacts the development processes, we conducted a mixed-methods study based on early adopters of GitHub discussions from January until July 2020. We found that: (1) errors, unexpected behavior, and code reviews are prevalent discussion categories; (2) there is a positi","authors_text":"Christoph Treude, Hideaki Hata, Nicole Novielli, Raula Gaikovina Kula, Sebastian Baltes","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-02-10T02:49:03Z","title":"GitHub Discussions: An Exploratory Study of Early Adoption"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2102.05230","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:42470d23983ebf40204d256c8e0455b8094e2732de8dd87b803857a354d832e7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fcaec2a9b78750e644e14a3a41d0286958e4788cf5cb45f7620dce7e1462c25c","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2021-02-10T02:49:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"e255e5fbfd7fbd2d20e3bcf197dfa9840cc86178f4f87ea3f3fcbebda555dc68"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2102.05230","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"86b7a8831cf2fade5378f0a13c3e464550cd336a8f932a7b94d1a4780ebf2840","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"86b7a8831cf2fade5378f0a13c3e464550cd336a8f932a7b94d1a4780ebf2840","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39.495869Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39.495869Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"i5CdhT9LUXT8ipBeZMVV9jE7dIqRAwUYB2eXiJRBa/dDaN6EZZJCI93LoTtuTaDm/jp8Fe0WGzoYXsaXWDPADQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:18:39.496335Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2102.05230","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:42470d23983ebf40204d256c8e0455b8094e2732de8dd87b803857a354d832e7","sha256:1b3ead4c7b5627f1f1a78909c20ba5e62cf76e95499de0cce6173851d881b7dc"],"state_sha256":"6b9d024121ee62f04349c6621897e4cd40d5efddbe7e6c3766f769bbb9338f79"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"w7qRdFTtThFLaQFyLrrDkv0apR2XsUnwiy3nFa65sRA9fKrjSkz1mV/42ZZwb+RDDhbN8/TxTQZv7kBM3tLDAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T23:21:01.551737Z","bundle_sha256":"23ef8eb19d1398db9f822e2d1d424b769404bba52fd79a3eebd0bf8233bffa87"}}