{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z","short_pith_number":"pith:Q3EU37FX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2109.10412","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2021-09-21T19:36:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a062e8c65122ab4713bc1b67050a6847b10014effa8a90ad2c60840139b46136","abstract_canon_sha256":"e0fe3e47f0265c632510f2c2d5026ef863e3a1636e7a60703d3e950cb8663f09"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"86c94dfcb77918f7aaf2cb06875315ee5d0c996a9dc33182c78b0c85124808c2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2109.10412","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2109.10412","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2109.10412v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2109.10412","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q3EU37FXPEMP","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXS","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q3EU37FX","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2109.10412","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2021-09-21T19:36:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a062e8c65122ab4713bc1b67050a6847b10014effa8a90ad2c60840139b46136","abstract_canon_sha256":"e0fe3e47f0265c632510f2c2d5026ef863e3a1636e7a60703d3e950cb8663f09"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"86c94dfcb77918f7aaf2cb06875315ee5d0c996a9dc33182c78b0c85124808c2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35.816402Z","signature_b64":"rY1hiNopB0Z0KXn3LzZofOkhQwlkerFA6TI7A81T2RzMmcp2A7sDwdVTcHJxJHkLau6MHR5sAJMng9S+cvayCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"86c94dfcb77918f7aaf2cb06875315ee5d0c996a9dc33182c78b0c85124808c2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35.815977Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35.815977Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2109.10412","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2Pzsgc1nGd1OmF2hnduw3fIrlxk0xbjwjMiwbjL13bx7KkxE5dlGw4QVuEQTAlFChI4Y6Sz+0U/FoB/kh51aAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-09T02:04:50.455767Z"},"content_sha256":"831cf4e23a037dcc35949f6019de788d5010f1ca93232d233f5cf71209c4726b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:831cf4e23a037dcc35949f6019de788d5010f1ca93232d233f5cf71209c4726b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Social, Environmental, and Technical: Factors at Play in the Current Use and Future Design of Small-Group Captioning","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Emma J. McDonnell, Jon E. Froehlich, Leah Findlater, Ping Liu, Raja Kushalnagar, Steven M. Goodman","submitted_at":"2021-09-21T19:36:54Z","abstract_excerpt":"Real-time captioning is a critical accessibility tool for many d/Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) people. While the vast majority of captioning work has focused on formal settings and technical innovations, in contrast, we investigate captioning for informal, interactive small-group conversations, which have a high degree of spontaneity and foster dynamic social interactions. This paper reports on semi-structured interviews and design probe activities we conducted with 15 DHH participants to understand their use of existing real-time captioning services and future design preferences for both in-"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.10412","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2109.10412/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QKyr9D+TVqMZYrTHG0OH5mwabNqNz0rC/CW5u9wUVKvk5nX+1o2IaUAFAwybSpb3fpQ3GXdJkU2uXbDjm4e1CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-09T02:04:50.456148Z"},"content_sha256":"6d843d7bf02eb663321f3259971a116607b0da1eb36b6a30371b7ec59a07dcf5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6d843d7bf02eb663321f3259971a116607b0da1eb36b6a30371b7ec59a07dcf5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-09T02:04:50Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXSZMDIOUYV5Z","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e0fe3e47f0265c632510f2c2d5026ef863e3a1636e7a60703d3e950cb8663f09","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2021-09-21T19:36:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"a062e8c65122ab4713bc1b67050a6847b10014effa8a90ad2c60840139b46136"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.10412","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2109.10412","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2109.10412v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2109.10412","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q3EU37FXPEMP","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q3EU37FXPEMPPKXS","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q3EU37FX","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6d843d7bf02eb663321f3259971a116607b0da1eb36b6a30371b7ec59a07dcf5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2109.10412/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Real-time captioning is a critical accessibility tool for many d/Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) people. While the vast majority of captioning work has focused on formal settings and technical innovations, in contrast, we investigate captioning for informal, interactive small-group conversations, which have a high degree of spontaneity and foster dynamic social interactions. This paper reports on semi-structured interviews and design probe activities we conducted with 15 DHH participants to understand their use of existing real-time captioning services and future design preferences for both in-","authors_text":"Emma J. McDonnell, Jon E. Froehlich, Leah Findlater, Ping Liu, Raja Kushalnagar, Steven M. Goodman","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2021-09-21T19:36:54Z","title":"Social, Environmental, and Technical: Factors at Play in the Current Use and Future Design of Small-Group Captioning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.10412","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:831cf4e23a037dcc35949f6019de788d5010f1ca93232d233f5cf71209c4726b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e0fe3e47f0265c632510f2c2d5026ef863e3a1636e7a60703d3e950cb8663f09","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2021-09-21T19:36:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"a062e8c65122ab4713bc1b67050a6847b10014effa8a90ad2c60840139b46136"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.10412","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"86c94dfcb77918f7aaf2cb06875315ee5d0c996a9dc33182c78b0c85124808c2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"86c94dfcb77918f7aaf2cb06875315ee5d0c996a9dc33182c78b0c85124808c2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35.815977Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35.815977Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"rY1hiNopB0Z0KXn3LzZofOkhQwlkerFA6TI7A81T2RzMmcp2A7sDwdVTcHJxJHkLau6MHR5sAJMng9S+cvayCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:16:35.816402Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2109.10412","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:831cf4e23a037dcc35949f6019de788d5010f1ca93232d233f5cf71209c4726b","sha256:6d843d7bf02eb663321f3259971a116607b0da1eb36b6a30371b7ec59a07dcf5"],"state_sha256":"c99eae810873f5dddd27805c3788551e528ef8a48f1d6fb276c07d80b0a45a42"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CMqTx8P4Qx6uLl5U9Yjs5nIfCitKKLIZn0WZA3N6NlRv1Tew1gdBlKA0R7GOkubv22LRf3f4EfRo8yi7ljk9CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-09T02:04:50.458236Z","bundle_sha256":"7963074b7d496250f851eb3f2f61db8d8c08c7627a2276eaca819bd1793017e5"}}