{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ","short_pith_number":"pith:Q3M3JN3O","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.08280","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2017-05-23T14:03:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3c96f1522c4e7f007077420fe5627d22fb8b4a86ccda8a513f77be113b97473e","abstract_canon_sha256":"5798a13f53a096d61c85d6f6b77eab71f5127bc2f75aaab631a8328004738196"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"86d9b4b76ee05987816a3b177e0681367ec331d2cce2cb5d6070dd4304fb940b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1705.08280","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.08280","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.08280v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.08280","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q3M3JN3O4BMY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q3M3JN3O","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.08280","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2017-05-23T14:03:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3c96f1522c4e7f007077420fe5627d22fb8b4a86ccda8a513f77be113b97473e","abstract_canon_sha256":"5798a13f53a096d61c85d6f6b77eab71f5127bc2f75aaab631a8328004738196"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"86d9b4b76ee05987816a3b177e0681367ec331d2cce2cb5d6070dd4304fb940b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48.791522Z","signature_b64":"yDnwyJa3YxhrqR+D/uRzTdd4u8VopHCm2+BW2p0Bpt8A0PuEIUzMZxDyIi0BfJSTnWfawQnKtNZKxpNEnn50DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"86d9b4b76ee05987816a3b177e0681367ec331d2cce2cb5d6070dd4304fb940b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48.790933Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48.790933Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1705.08280","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oYvrgO6UVR5/8SeTdWuNQzr6Reo3/zp000WdJyQ0W2UtLXLBAPoxmot8Ta/18ete/Xi/fceCIzBTJAM9woLtAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T08:04:03.001720Z"},"content_sha256":"7f74ea637d27714619a671f9b179e86cfac37235499dce719e246eacc5c58cb6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7f74ea637d27714619a671f9b179e86cfac37235499dce719e246eacc5c58cb6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How hard can it be? Estimating the difficulty of visual search in an image","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Bogdan Alexe, Dim P. Papadopoulos, Marius Leordeanu, Marius Popescu, Radu Tudor Ionescu, Vittorio Ferrari","submitted_at":"2017-05-23T14:03:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"We address the problem of estimating image difficulty defined as the human response time for solving a visual search task. We collect human annotations of image difficulty for the PASCAL VOC 2012 data set through a crowd-sourcing platform. We then analyze what human interpretable image properties can have an impact on visual search difficulty, and how accurate are those properties for predicting difficulty. Next, we build a regression model based on deep features learned with state of the art convolutional neural networks and show better results for predicting the ground-truth visual search di"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1705.08280","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+C5Ar+ZY5HWusFW4RJkvLp4rxekQzajkFKmLHnPgR55zIGXnDgdZBdt9FhtF3eH6zA4GUdAvAz84qBfXvuM4Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T08:04:03.002164Z"},"content_sha256":"3f67b16c6164c19987a60de1668cf25a8ed32b05a5aac8178e225a9ab94edcb3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3f67b16c6164c19987a60de1668cf25a8ed32b05a5aac8178e225a9ab94edcb3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T08:04:03Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALKHMLX4BUBGZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5798a13f53a096d61c85d6f6b77eab71f5127bc2f75aaab631a8328004738196","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2017-05-23T14:03:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"3c96f1522c4e7f007077420fe5627d22fb8b4a86ccda8a513f77be113b97473e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.08280","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.08280","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.08280v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.08280","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q3M3JN3O4BMY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q3M3JN3O4BMYPALK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q3M3JN3O","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3f67b16c6164c19987a60de1668cf25a8ed32b05a5aac8178e225a9ab94edcb3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We address the problem of estimating image difficulty defined as the human response time for solving a visual search task. We collect human annotations of image difficulty for the PASCAL VOC 2012 data set through a crowd-sourcing platform. We then analyze what human interpretable image properties can have an impact on visual search difficulty, and how accurate are those properties for predicting difficulty. Next, we build a regression model based on deep features learned with state of the art convolutional neural networks and show better results for predicting the ground-truth visual search di","authors_text":"Bogdan Alexe, Dim P. Papadopoulos, Marius Leordeanu, Marius Popescu, Radu Tudor Ionescu, Vittorio Ferrari","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2017-05-23T14:03:20Z","title":"How hard can it be? Estimating the difficulty of visual search in an image"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1705.08280","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7f74ea637d27714619a671f9b179e86cfac37235499dce719e246eacc5c58cb6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5798a13f53a096d61c85d6f6b77eab71f5127bc2f75aaab631a8328004738196","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2017-05-23T14:03:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"3c96f1522c4e7f007077420fe5627d22fb8b4a86ccda8a513f77be113b97473e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.08280","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"86d9b4b76ee05987816a3b177e0681367ec331d2cce2cb5d6070dd4304fb940b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"86d9b4b76ee05987816a3b177e0681367ec331d2cce2cb5d6070dd4304fb940b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48.790933Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48.790933Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"yDnwyJa3YxhrqR+D/uRzTdd4u8VopHCm2+BW2p0Bpt8A0PuEIUzMZxDyIi0BfJSTnWfawQnKtNZKxpNEnn50DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:48.791522Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1705.08280","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7f74ea637d27714619a671f9b179e86cfac37235499dce719e246eacc5c58cb6","sha256:3f67b16c6164c19987a60de1668cf25a8ed32b05a5aac8178e225a9ab94edcb3"],"state_sha256":"b38b174b4d922b0d4431866d2777fbbbea1d2714c95999c20c91b9ed7011f0b1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mAWSlI4KUkweQjiGNe6EqIckqB1jSeAqOdcfDgkDtXZMc/SGmNPc/Vq0htscrNem8jDv2z5Ga2+WVxWnNvkPAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T08:04:03.005489Z","bundle_sha256":"3cd23fe028257c34dabbc1eb1cbd02057afbeb80c644b792ee55b620a656018e"}}