{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V","short_pith_number":"pith:Q5SUXA4T","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T18:00:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"0a7050f291f0a5a290accdc786d5eb7c3e362692bd7afe7051113f095fc3bac9","abstract_canon_sha256":"f29fc1cfc34f7531845edc670b5b9cfd811a818144becdcfaab8f813b4c0c4fd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"87654b8393dff00c31a71ce68b2f0bfd7bcf5cc5833241dacef43ef27eafd8d4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2103.08609","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.08609","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.08609v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.08609","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q5SUXA4T37YA","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q5SUXA4T","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T18:00:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"0a7050f291f0a5a290accdc786d5eb7c3e362692bd7afe7051113f095fc3bac9","abstract_canon_sha256":"f29fc1cfc34f7531845edc670b5b9cfd811a818144becdcfaab8f813b4c0c4fd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"87654b8393dff00c31a71ce68b2f0bfd7bcf5cc5833241dacef43ef27eafd8d4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59.453947Z","signature_b64":"GiXAWrVuGzrukOiTUcd2SQXKmMx/gQRuBt5G7LVdEuEknj9CJftwssEP2t1/8NNmU6kA0jSEuJLeDRqqhhDcAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"87654b8393dff00c31a71ce68b2f0bfd7bcf5cc5833241dacef43ef27eafd8d4","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59.453478Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59.453478Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2103.08609","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yn2bQEZ9UuiqpFk/GAd+tv+z01J3aAwvrWrKVXy/m1YCA48zonVIgaiAfab5VXsNuk26JtlmpvdYifpIELQtDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T14:16:43.129618Z"},"content_sha256":"97e40c0a30a66ecf8df6b84a6bb288fd822133e4bc47dd8b920cf9a0485bafc3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:97e40c0a30a66ecf8df6b84a6bb288fd822133e4bc47dd8b920cf9a0485bafc3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Improved time-delay lens modelling and $H_0$ inference with transient sources","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Anowar J. Shajib, Kai Liao, Lilan Yang, Simon Birrer, Tommaso Treu, Xuheng Ding","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T18:00:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"Strongly lensed explosive transients such as supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, fast radio bursts, and gravitational waves are very promising tools to determine the Hubble constant ($H_0$) in the near future in addition to strongly lensed quasars. In this work, we show that the transient nature of the point source provides an advantage over quasars: the lensed host galaxy can be observed before or after the transient's appearance. Therefore, the lens model can be derived from images free of contamination from bright point sources. We quantify this advantage by comparing the precision of a lens mode"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2103.08609/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CS5hNej5/eYUIcCGGtTPf9qhn2jrpDWaR6ARSRSoLw8v+yzWrKWwOIHUtKTmthlvZbXWz9CNtrEz91zn1jdyAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T14:16:43.130135Z"},"content_sha256":"55e75d04a73a120998b31cacaaf5a77d3c73b29b02b67017062b772a24970a4a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:55e75d04a73a120998b31cacaaf5a77d3c73b29b02b67017062b772a24970a4a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-23T14:16:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNHDTTIWLYL7V","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f29fc1cfc34f7531845edc670b5b9cfd811a818144becdcfaab8f813b4c0c4fd","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T18:00:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"0a7050f291f0a5a290accdc786d5eb7c3e362692bd7afe7051113f095fc3bac9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2103.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.08609","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.08609v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.08609","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q5SUXA4T37YA","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q5SUXA4T37YAYMNH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q5SUXA4T","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:55e75d04a73a120998b31cacaaf5a77d3c73b29b02b67017062b772a24970a4a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2103.08609/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Strongly lensed explosive transients such as supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, fast radio bursts, and gravitational waves are very promising tools to determine the Hubble constant ($H_0$) in the near future in addition to strongly lensed quasars. In this work, we show that the transient nature of the point source provides an advantage over quasars: the lensed host galaxy can be observed before or after the transient's appearance. Therefore, the lens model can be derived from images free of contamination from bright point sources. We quantify this advantage by comparing the precision of a lens mode","authors_text":"Anowar J. Shajib, Kai Liao, Lilan Yang, Simon Birrer, Tommaso Treu, Xuheng Ding","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T18:00:03Z","title":"Improved time-delay lens modelling and $H_0$ inference with transient sources"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:97e40c0a30a66ecf8df6b84a6bb288fd822133e4bc47dd8b920cf9a0485bafc3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f29fc1cfc34f7531845edc670b5b9cfd811a818144becdcfaab8f813b4c0c4fd","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T18:00:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"0a7050f291f0a5a290accdc786d5eb7c3e362692bd7afe7051113f095fc3bac9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2103.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"87654b8393dff00c31a71ce68b2f0bfd7bcf5cc5833241dacef43ef27eafd8d4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"87654b8393dff00c31a71ce68b2f0bfd7bcf5cc5833241dacef43ef27eafd8d4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59.453478Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59.453478Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GiXAWrVuGzrukOiTUcd2SQXKmMx/gQRuBt5G7LVdEuEknj9CJftwssEP2t1/8NNmU6kA0jSEuJLeDRqqhhDcAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:47:59.453947Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2103.08609","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:97e40c0a30a66ecf8df6b84a6bb288fd822133e4bc47dd8b920cf9a0485bafc3","sha256:55e75d04a73a120998b31cacaaf5a77d3c73b29b02b67017062b772a24970a4a"],"state_sha256":"bbd2d5ef3d629250816934a487a55fe0ce9ef7c76e3da9ffaa555f19864d7aa3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UVb0m5pFjARZo3vvBLp8FrC2aclgfyIS0ghFLhMOjAlopXdh9v2wGvybWw2XojTBl+7cGOPKRJwfvwI5GztkBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T14:16:43.135277Z","bundle_sha256":"a8ea87e60e5c8e21fc0bea464ea0f95150d1d8248ce4c5062fead1da61768230"}}