{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP","short_pith_number":"pith:Q7S7N5AE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.05315","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2020-11-10T18:55:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"df57dfc68dc109543e1dc0b91569fcddccfca117496ff14028e46276e7ac0a55","abstract_canon_sha256":"d359e403244abb87bc222bc5bdd0e0199d2a90c5f0c329509c220b577917f8ac"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"87e5f6f40420d31166805f64981daf93c16076e4f2c77b59bde6c5bedba15d2d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2011.05315","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.05315","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.05315v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.05315","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q7S7N5AEEDJR","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUA","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q7S7N5AE","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.05315","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2020-11-10T18:55:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"df57dfc68dc109543e1dc0b91569fcddccfca117496ff14028e46276e7ac0a55","abstract_canon_sha256":"d359e403244abb87bc222bc5bdd0e0199d2a90c5f0c329509c220b577917f8ac"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"87e5f6f40420d31166805f64981daf93c16076e4f2c77b59bde6c5bedba15d2d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51.856776Z","signature_b64":"LVJvhr+jfYn1njqb+ETbO2dSJeHz5kN3LjhSaoVcMnxx//KaRnZjkrpSQn0hmSS0b0Tl+7GhzS3NZuPZxm4SAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"87e5f6f40420d31166805f64981daf93c16076e4f2c77b59bde6c5bedba15d2d","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51.856197Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51.856197Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2011.05315","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"B5JgWqHTfWMuWN0iz6vuigrVT26Emq6ui5GGfW2fbN2xsZYe1hwXuLxPnhbl5oqafGcLMed2KBFkIG3UCxa9Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T12:41:30.277958Z"},"content_sha256":"5c3afd00b9337dd7729fbd57337b8c36a9ce483a293ec612fd2f32461b32ae42","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5c3afd00b9337dd7729fbd57337b8c36a9ce483a293ec612fd2f32461b32ae42"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Is Private Learning Possible with Instance Encoding?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CV","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Abhradeep Thakurta, Florian Tramer, Mohammad Mahmoody, Nicholas Carlini, Saeed Mahloujifar, Samuel Deng, Sanjam Garg, Shuang Song, Somesh Jha","submitted_at":"2020-11-10T18:55:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"A private machine learning algorithm hides as much as possible about its training data while still preserving accuracy. In this work, we study whether a non-private learning algorithm can be made private by relying on an instance-encoding mechanism that modifies the training inputs before feeding them to a normal learner. We formalize both the notion of instance encoding and its privacy by providing two attack models. We first prove impossibility results for achieving a (stronger) model. Next, we demonstrate practical attacks in the second (weaker) attack model on InstaHide, a recent proposal "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.05315","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2011.05315/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/+yr/z85UzuNtciK3D0QkqQ/CsysRwXUzjF8s7N9655p4LLyA+ukKWxZ4mbrJ23p6ZzLLeDj3OcYQ20Pb534Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T12:41:30.278881Z"},"content_sha256":"d71fcd891c300b517b3922517e1e4ddfb6d2b1e155f6e805644e90e3eed45f31","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d71fcd891c300b517b3922517e1e4ddfb6d2b1e155f6e805644e90e3eed45f31"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T12:41:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUAL5SJQHNPSP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d359e403244abb87bc222bc5bdd0e0199d2a90c5f0c329509c220b577917f8ac","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2020-11-10T18:55:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"df57dfc68dc109543e1dc0b91569fcddccfca117496ff14028e46276e7ac0a55"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.05315","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.05315","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.05315v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.05315","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q7S7N5AEEDJR","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q7S7N5AEEDJRCZUA","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q7S7N5AE","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d71fcd891c300b517b3922517e1e4ddfb6d2b1e155f6e805644e90e3eed45f31","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2011.05315/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A private machine learning algorithm hides as much as possible about its training data while still preserving accuracy. In this work, we study whether a non-private learning algorithm can be made private by relying on an instance-encoding mechanism that modifies the training inputs before feeding them to a normal learner. We formalize both the notion of instance encoding and its privacy by providing two attack models. We first prove impossibility results for achieving a (stronger) model. Next, we demonstrate practical attacks in the second (weaker) attack model on InstaHide, a recent proposal ","authors_text":"Abhradeep Thakurta, Florian Tramer, Mohammad Mahmoody, Nicholas Carlini, Saeed Mahloujifar, Samuel Deng, Sanjam Garg, Shuang Song, Somesh Jha","cross_cats":["cs.CV","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2020-11-10T18:55:20Z","title":"Is Private Learning Possible with Instance Encoding?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.05315","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5c3afd00b9337dd7729fbd57337b8c36a9ce483a293ec612fd2f32461b32ae42","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d359e403244abb87bc222bc5bdd0e0199d2a90c5f0c329509c220b577917f8ac","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2020-11-10T18:55:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"df57dfc68dc109543e1dc0b91569fcddccfca117496ff14028e46276e7ac0a55"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.05315","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"87e5f6f40420d31166805f64981daf93c16076e4f2c77b59bde6c5bedba15d2d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"87e5f6f40420d31166805f64981daf93c16076e4f2c77b59bde6c5bedba15d2d","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51.856197Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51.856197Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"LVJvhr+jfYn1njqb+ETbO2dSJeHz5kN3LjhSaoVcMnxx//KaRnZjkrpSQn0hmSS0b0Tl+7GhzS3NZuPZxm4SAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:35:51.856776Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2011.05315","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5c3afd00b9337dd7729fbd57337b8c36a9ce483a293ec612fd2f32461b32ae42","sha256:d71fcd891c300b517b3922517e1e4ddfb6d2b1e155f6e805644e90e3eed45f31"],"state_sha256":"bd65952ec755161032cf56170c13dd089d07b6178c68fc5fdbfddff8fe0c2b91"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"T5pn0jt4EdfevnooRSnUV8WctVhKlPsJ6W89sWQgYcE54MdCuHqVJKrTZ1uNGPVo+EeFOjcVHeZj519+8tNDBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T12:41:30.285235Z","bundle_sha256":"9bdb0b3f9a8e27e7b8ce556a371ed49da0825e840048fd0db5f99b177936f1c4"}}