{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:QAKWSMMWS7ZMGGN2AUNRUYSJF6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"015b299b1e027d104887f043381c8e6c9bd52f298665b4e1d2de70ab9577d476","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-09-07T09:08:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"e7c3b0b42f457c0c8bd2009b3538f5a31a5a999887bbde904e606dc8912df6ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.02950","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2109.02950","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2109.02950v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2109.02950","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QAKWSMMWS7ZM","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QAKWSMMWS7ZMGGN2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QAKWSMMW","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a039faac2826a676a958d41535b51ae9c2b34c388a58e7218d01fe3183881d42","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2109.02950/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we propose a new paradigm for paraphrase generation by treating the task as unsupervised machine translation (UMT) based on the assumption that there must be pairs of sentences expressing the same meaning in a large-scale unlabeled monolingual corpus. The proposed paradigm first splits a large unlabeled corpus into multiple clusters, and trains multiple UMT models using pairs of these clusters. Then based on the paraphrase pairs produced by these UMT models, a unified surrogate model can be trained to serve as the final \\sts model to generate paraphrases, which can be directly u","authors_text":"Chun Fan, Fei Wu, Jiwei Li, Nanyun Peng, Xiaofei Sun, Yufei Tian, Yuxian Meng","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-09-07T09:08:58Z","title":"Paraphrase Generation as Unsupervised Machine Translation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.02950","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b8fc7c0242958d43f98c049b2063b9c1bca6f9869169f5706d92df20d8da48b0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"015b299b1e027d104887f043381c8e6c9bd52f298665b4e1d2de70ab9577d476","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-09-07T09:08:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"e7c3b0b42f457c0c8bd2009b3538f5a31a5a999887bbde904e606dc8912df6ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.02950","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"801569319697f2c319ba051b1a62492f9538654ef270a179281a968fae499cd8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"801569319697f2c319ba051b1a62492f9538654ef270a179281a968fae499cd8","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49.285828Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49.285828Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"me5rKAve7dVkHT2HPbB14fLSTfpE2LCqK677sSdsurPbOiHCFpQtxukZ+IRIS1S9lNnhbZdl9T3Sh2BMijWUCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:55:49.286272Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2109.02950","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b8fc7c0242958d43f98c049b2063b9c1bca6f9869169f5706d92df20d8da48b0","sha256:a039faac2826a676a958d41535b51ae9c2b34c388a58e7218d01fe3183881d42"],"state_sha256":"0c78720e69eb17f8f5d8d03aff385fbf35c9f327d408ea646f203fb58f7205c9"}