{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD","short_pith_number":"pith:QBGEOQNQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.19344","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-05-19T04:31:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9f6674b1ec5c0a3f14670384ac13b462f85d5cd59781be534b711555deed2df7","abstract_canon_sha256":"f672be2e1a6ec5d1a690374f7fb94c60242f76479fafbe528acf4f406fdc6477"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"804c4741b04f7adcef49f5477c43e670cca1670c5b0e24f15ff933ce6587b702","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2605.19344","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.19344","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.19344v1","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.19344","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QBGEOQNQJ55N","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QBGEOQNQ","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.19344","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-05-19T04:31:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9f6674b1ec5c0a3f14670384ac13b462f85d5cd59781be534b711555deed2df7","abstract_canon_sha256":"f672be2e1a6ec5d1a690374f7fb94c60242f76479fafbe528acf4f406fdc6477"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"804c4741b04f7adcef49f5477c43e670cca1670c5b0e24f15ff933ce6587b702","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40.564544Z","signature_b64":"GJYTzF7iCE/Mj7mbU1BH9l3uLFYc7iZMr2sVeklyhNEOivl6kpQKRvi3dpkrn1gJ6eT9UMuA0UJ5oShuD+8ODg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"804c4741b04f7adcef49f5477c43e670cca1670c5b0e24f15ff933ce6587b702","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40.563871Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40.563871Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2605.19344","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PXMLxdDwVHPnRbtm5xBEp7xKXFt5PVRO6jLYEqh+uAy5V9BUgwEsjBpA2YAi/UmZpexi7b+tFGURdvolPKxVCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:27.460194Z"},"content_sha256":"5eea7d0c4e9ebb034ecc245d032bebfaf63a5b22f34cd4849aeaaf761c3fc41c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5eea7d0c4e9ebb034ecc245d032bebfaf63a5b22f34cd4849aeaaf761c3fc41c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Retrieval-Augmented Linguistic Calibration","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Chang Xu, Jialin Yu, Linwei Tao, Minjing Dong, Philip Torr, Tao Huang, Yi-Fan Yeh","submitted_at":"2026-05-19T04:31:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Linguistic cues such as \"I believe\" and \"probably\" offer an intuitive interface for communicating confidence, yet a generalisable, principled calibration framework for linguistic confidence expressions remains underexplored. In particular, co-occurring linguistic cues, contextual variation, and subjective audience interpretation pose unique challenges. We therefore model linguistic confidence as a distribution over plausible perceived probability values that a statement is correct, capturing interpretation variability that scalar representations discard. Within this distributional framework, w"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.19344","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.19344/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wVlNdWrATIo0czkJkUz3Iw7z0u5UZykh5ys/UowE/09eOi9SvXGEVjW5GGEz4oPWGs1rfQNhKblJai4nogVZAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:27.460958Z"},"content_sha256":"eed4bf0c7345f8d05335b3638c97247eb8b6fbefbdd030b7fc618922c7f92a76","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:eed4bf0c7345f8d05335b3638c97247eb8b6fbefbdd030b7fc618922c7f92a76"},{"event_type":"integrity_finding","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD","target":"integrity","payload":{"note":"DOI in the printed bibliography is fragmented by whitespace or line breaks. A longer candidate (10.18653/v1/2023.findings-emnlp.654.URLhttps://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-emnlp.654/) was visible in the surrounding text but could not be confirmed against doi.org as printed.","snippet":"Chiwei Zhu, Benfeng Xu, Quan Wang, Yongdong Zhang, and Zhendong Mao. On the calibration of large language models and alignment. In Houda Bouamor, Juan Pino, and Kalika Bali, editors, Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics","arxiv_id":"2605.19344","detector":"doi_compliance","evidence":{"ref_index":28,"verdict_class":"incontrovertible","resolved_title":null,"printed_excerpt":"Chiwei Zhu, Benfeng Xu, Quan Wang, Yongdong Zhang, and Zhendong Mao. On the calibration of large language models and alignment. In Houda Bouamor, Juan Pino, and Kalika Bali, editors, Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics","reconstructed_doi":"10.18653/v1/2023.findings-emnlp.654.URLhttps://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-emnlp.654/"},"severity":"advisory","ref_index":28,"audited_at":"2026-05-20T05:49:26.199357Z","event_type":"pith.integrity.v1","detected_doi":"10.18653/v1/2023.findings-emnlp.654.URLhttps://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-emnlp.654/","detector_url":"https://pith.science/pith-integrity-protocol#doi_compliance","external_url":null,"finding_type":"recoverable_identifier","evidence_hash":"4313eead16869e606089529597bd0bd24f638a98b64f8bc9b027431f4a4f9cbd","paper_version":1,"verdict_class":"incontrovertible","resolved_title":null,"detector_version":"1.0.0","detected_arxiv_id":null,"integrity_event_id":4889,"payload_sha256":"84b942ce7466292dd9c08845ecd83e51a7fbdfaed0f3ca5b73288a5434a9eaf1","signature_b64":"gtXeicN8u8Gkr96bZXru30of3Z1VjwVBi8kTvNLuPvc4Cozm8Qi9sSQJegoy/TwyiwmYrLzJY6XFqzkPwAbADw==","signing_key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-20T05:52:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0i1Me5X5+pmcNzv8G5A9xjmeKHqy6gWI9MdAQ4hqOB4jWW31+fmqBbW6kxaYskHZhXhtY4YIsRxUVKro3d4wBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:27.462401Z"},"content_sha256":"772c311dd199c374c736eb6c477369bc87d427d4798e1ecf4d7aad99063eea73","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:772c311dd199c374c736eb6c477369bc87d427d4798e1ecf4d7aad99063eea73"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J6VDXYQ7GOD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":3,"valid_event_count":3,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f672be2e1a6ec5d1a690374f7fb94c60242f76479fafbe528acf4f406fdc6477","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-05-19T04:31:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f6674b1ec5c0a3f14670384ac13b462f85d5cd59781be534b711555deed2df7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.19344","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.19344","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.19344v1","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.19344","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QBGEOQNQJ55N","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QBGEOQNQJ55NZ32J","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QBGEOQNQ","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:eed4bf0c7345f8d05335b3638c97247eb8b6fbefbdd030b7fc618922c7f92a76","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2605.19344/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Linguistic cues such as \"I believe\" and \"probably\" offer an intuitive interface for communicating confidence, yet a generalisable, principled calibration framework for linguistic confidence expressions remains underexplored. In particular, co-occurring linguistic cues, contextual variation, and subjective audience interpretation pose unique challenges. We therefore model linguistic confidence as a distribution over plausible perceived probability values that a statement is correct, capturing interpretation variability that scalar representations discard. Within this distributional framework, w","authors_text":"Chang Xu, Jialin Yu, Linwei Tao, Minjing Dong, Philip Torr, Tao Huang, Yi-Fan Yeh","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-05-19T04:31:38Z","title":"Retrieval-Augmented Linguistic Calibration"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.19344","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5eea7d0c4e9ebb034ecc245d032bebfaf63a5b22f34cd4849aeaaf761c3fc41c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f672be2e1a6ec5d1a690374f7fb94c60242f76479fafbe528acf4f406fdc6477","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-05-19T04:31:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f6674b1ec5c0a3f14670384ac13b462f85d5cd59781be534b711555deed2df7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.19344","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"804c4741b04f7adcef49f5477c43e670cca1670c5b0e24f15ff933ce6587b702","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"804c4741b04f7adcef49f5477c43e670cca1670c5b0e24f15ff933ce6587b702","first_computed_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40.563871Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40.563871Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GJYTzF7iCE/Mj7mbU1BH9l3uLFYc7iZMr2sVeklyhNEOivl6kpQKRvi3dpkrn1gJ6eT9UMuA0UJ5oShuD+8ODg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-20T01:05:40.564544Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2605.19344","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5eea7d0c4e9ebb034ecc245d032bebfaf63a5b22f34cd4849aeaaf761c3fc41c","sha256:eed4bf0c7345f8d05335b3638c97247eb8b6fbefbdd030b7fc618922c7f92a76","sha256:772c311dd199c374c736eb6c477369bc87d427d4798e1ecf4d7aad99063eea73"],"state_sha256":"5dd9b8c642a4a500d75b2ca3aed2e1ba188b17bded36217aa963b9194c1b23b2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qTRpdiL+Z3KfOaqVUsF9No+5I4OPGbGipUyOmje48GLskKUPsM8S3kWMTccOUSk1Gqt510Dsso6ctM3THRClDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:27.465356Z","bundle_sha256":"f2e30ef30a63c874dac1ee2d73b488665ba3c9fc8218e895f4600d1e24a6a7c0"}}