{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2004:QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD","short_pith_number":"pith:QBNP3XN5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0404389","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2004-04-20T18:09:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"d70973368972d0a5eb44467bc5ba50f3119b26e9101912247a8090a5974005d8","abstract_canon_sha256":"4bc68620205d380bc470bab52dc692d153c9e406549dbac08dd43ccb5a91732f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"805afdddbdf08bca393b012ffcf37290e73e55d783bace2e3d063a36fee82956","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0404389","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0404389","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0404389v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0404389","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QBNP3XN56CF4","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QBNP3XN5","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2004:QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0404389","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2004-04-20T18:09:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"d70973368972d0a5eb44467bc5ba50f3119b26e9101912247a8090a5974005d8","abstract_canon_sha256":"4bc68620205d380bc470bab52dc692d153c9e406549dbac08dd43ccb5a91732f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"805afdddbdf08bca393b012ffcf37290e73e55d783bace2e3d063a36fee82956","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36.640775Z","signature_b64":"ZTFLjORv4438aLKcgSeBT6XNQyl00QM5Wuar90WWZ6fz4SJrfMb57RnLq4MLb2eoi+8bz4aELCdM0QQJGqTwDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"805afdddbdf08bca393b012ffcf37290e73e55d783bace2e3d063a36fee82956","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36.640432Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36.640432Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0404389","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Gn+vqtts+6uz3rHNXG/EOEbxFxABm84isKObqDF/EyrUPAXpld+ihaJcHkAHO55qo4Pzd3CAius1zjeSc3dECQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T20:19:35.115791Z"},"content_sha256":"a108d098e65c4f58a76e775463b37aabdf761d82c924df7c44fc27a7647a50b3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a108d098e65c4f58a76e775463b37aabdf761d82c924df7c44fc27a7647a50b3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2004:QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Gravitational Waves from Supermassive Black Hole Coalescence in a Hierarchical Galaxy Formation Model","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Kaiki T. Inoue, Masahiro Nagashima, Motohiro Enoki, Naoshi Sugiyama","submitted_at":"2004-04-20T18:09:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the expected gravitational wave emission from coalescing supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries resulting from mergers of their host galaxies. When galaxies merge, the SMBHs in the host galaxies sink to the center of the new merged galaxy and form a binary system. We employ a semi-analytic model of galaxy and quasar formation based on the hierarchical clustering scenario to estimate the amplitude of the expected stochastic gravitational wave background owing to inspiraling SMBH binaries and bursts owing to the SMBH binary coalescence events. We find that the characteristic stra"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0404389","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0404389/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QERT6tK7p9caktdK0PubbJ2PUMqa/fgi7FtvBO+THY88lilB/DIZ4GMcesW8mGVA7QioUEEuNC2GptqdQ88EDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T20:19:35.116394Z"},"content_sha256":"0cb14df792c12d65574d0c06231a941c30f843d7548b5fc8acfbb40134abd42f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0cb14df792c12d65574d0c06231a941c30f843d7548b5fc8acfbb40134abd42f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-01T20:19:35Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2004:QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3AEX7Z43SSD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4bc68620205d380bc470bab52dc692d153c9e406549dbac08dd43ccb5a91732f","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2004-04-20T18:09:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"d70973368972d0a5eb44467bc5ba50f3119b26e9101912247a8090a5974005d8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0404389","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0404389","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0404389v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0404389","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QBNP3XN56CF4","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QBNP3XN56CF4UOJ3","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QBNP3XN5","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0cb14df792c12d65574d0c06231a941c30f843d7548b5fc8acfbb40134abd42f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0404389/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the expected gravitational wave emission from coalescing supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries resulting from mergers of their host galaxies. When galaxies merge, the SMBHs in the host galaxies sink to the center of the new merged galaxy and form a binary system. We employ a semi-analytic model of galaxy and quasar formation based on the hierarchical clustering scenario to estimate the amplitude of the expected stochastic gravitational wave background owing to inspiraling SMBH binaries and bursts owing to the SMBH binary coalescence events. We find that the characteristic stra","authors_text":"Kaiki T. Inoue, Masahiro Nagashima, Motohiro Enoki, Naoshi Sugiyama","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2004-04-20T18:09:29Z","title":"Gravitational Waves from Supermassive Black Hole Coalescence in a Hierarchical Galaxy Formation Model"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0404389","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a108d098e65c4f58a76e775463b37aabdf761d82c924df7c44fc27a7647a50b3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4bc68620205d380bc470bab52dc692d153c9e406549dbac08dd43ccb5a91732f","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2004-04-20T18:09:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"d70973368972d0a5eb44467bc5ba50f3119b26e9101912247a8090a5974005d8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0404389","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"805afdddbdf08bca393b012ffcf37290e73e55d783bace2e3d063a36fee82956","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"805afdddbdf08bca393b012ffcf37290e73e55d783bace2e3d063a36fee82956","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36.640432Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36.640432Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ZTFLjORv4438aLKcgSeBT6XNQyl00QM5Wuar90WWZ6fz4SJrfMb57RnLq4MLb2eoi+8bz4aELCdM0QQJGqTwDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:43:36.640775Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0404389","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a108d098e65c4f58a76e775463b37aabdf761d82c924df7c44fc27a7647a50b3","sha256:0cb14df792c12d65574d0c06231a941c30f843d7548b5fc8acfbb40134abd42f"],"state_sha256":"eecc139fea48e2a3449733ddb38ca953eeda9afc3b8dcf604c3ca33b617f7759"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"isHQMYqghNLbYkeVQHvo9uW/wsf6TiALtuvwgMBfZABj3Difkjnp48yUeNZSFEyx7lWtRHDGIt8Nq++9SP8WCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T20:19:35.120504Z","bundle_sha256":"37bb4dc33e8dd4a4745fdbb89e2108ff53f67211b964e044c47bb6f635e4a351"}}