{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ","short_pith_number":"pith:QE5EA234","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.4104","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.DS","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T09:28:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.PE"],"title_canon_sha256":"02bc8d3dcbf6c937bbcd5dc6dc6bc3e8b7ed58c6990b56551b26c615703af42d","abstract_canon_sha256":"c5cece3d0108eca92b6e57ad9dae54cb1e5a14fa4e559bddc664b7895a9d3dc4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"813a406b7cf534246e4fcf1b58b556867f8bcd4879491b4f309a85b7326f0025","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1405.4104","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.4104","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.4104v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.4104","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QE5EA2346U2C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QE5EA2346U2CI3SP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QE5EA234","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.4104","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.DS","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T09:28:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.PE"],"title_canon_sha256":"02bc8d3dcbf6c937bbcd5dc6dc6bc3e8b7ed58c6990b56551b26c615703af42d","abstract_canon_sha256":"c5cece3d0108eca92b6e57ad9dae54cb1e5a14fa4e559bddc664b7895a9d3dc4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"813a406b7cf534246e4fcf1b58b556867f8bcd4879491b4f309a85b7326f0025","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43.121251Z","signature_b64":"9ARf1GUreYtdbI5WnFlo08PCF390Z8AvUwBGJMxt00QXLCjcmD4BYrV3QR7vnLjol7C/DKQnpJtsoq6tYZajDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"813a406b7cf534246e4fcf1b58b556867f8bcd4879491b4f309a85b7326f0025","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43.120759Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43.120759Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1405.4104","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7ndeCXvTFlQakaMrUwkpFBvQvFhiA7rKNlW38kLzOKIQI4KaKArcfoVHkVrha5jzq43BNYGQV1HJ8qyMoKkPBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:35:47.017783Z"},"content_sha256":"70a9691d3948d75d037a459383a50a677432b92b04883525ed76f2c32408b898","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:70a9691d3948d75d037a459383a50a677432b92b04883525ed76f2c32408b898"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ecoepidemics with infected prey in herd defense: the harmless and toxic cases","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-bio.PE"],"primary_cat":"math.DS","authors_text":"Elena Cagliero, Ezio Venturino","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T09:28:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"We consider a predator-prey population model with prey gathering together for defense purposes. A transmissible unrecoverable disease affects the prey. We characterize the system behavior, establishing that ultimately either only the susceptible prey survive, or the disease becomes endemic, but the predators are wiped out. Another alternative is that the disease is eradicated, with sound prey and predators thriving at an equilibrium or through persistent population oscillations. Finally, the populations can thrive together, with the endemic disease. The only impossible alternative in these cir"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.4104","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QBlaMyaDJGtfUZ5iF07zAts9utHXRZVjGHhh2tfuoGvDA5zdZdNivqu5taUxFZdcHPK/k7gSxoIf/2ztzdelBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:35:47.018276Z"},"content_sha256":"15053077ec6e340095ef6ea3652fd0e2ae406d559a5234d19b12f5529ee5532b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:15053077ec6e340095ef6ea3652fd0e2ae406d559a5234d19b12f5529ee5532b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T03:35:47Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:QE5EA2346U2CI3SPZ4NVRNKWQZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c5cece3d0108eca92b6e57ad9dae54cb1e5a14fa4e559bddc664b7895a9d3dc4","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.PE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.DS","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T09:28:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"02bc8d3dcbf6c937bbcd5dc6dc6bc3e8b7ed58c6990b56551b26c615703af42d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.4104","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.4104","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.4104v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.4104","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QE5EA2346U2C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QE5EA2346U2CI3SP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QE5EA234","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:15053077ec6e340095ef6ea3652fd0e2ae406d559a5234d19b12f5529ee5532b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We consider a predator-prey population model with prey gathering together for defense purposes. A transmissible unrecoverable disease affects the prey. We characterize the system behavior, establishing that ultimately either only the susceptible prey survive, or the disease becomes endemic, but the predators are wiped out. Another alternative is that the disease is eradicated, with sound prey and predators thriving at an equilibrium or through persistent population oscillations. Finally, the populations can thrive together, with the endemic disease. The only impossible alternative in these cir","authors_text":"Elena Cagliero, Ezio Venturino","cross_cats":["q-bio.PE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.DS","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T09:28:35Z","title":"Ecoepidemics with infected prey in herd defense: the harmless and toxic cases"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.4104","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:70a9691d3948d75d037a459383a50a677432b92b04883525ed76f2c32408b898","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c5cece3d0108eca92b6e57ad9dae54cb1e5a14fa4e559bddc664b7895a9d3dc4","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.PE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.DS","submitted_at":"2014-05-16T09:28:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"02bc8d3dcbf6c937bbcd5dc6dc6bc3e8b7ed58c6990b56551b26c615703af42d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.4104","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"813a406b7cf534246e4fcf1b58b556867f8bcd4879491b4f309a85b7326f0025","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"813a406b7cf534246e4fcf1b58b556867f8bcd4879491b4f309a85b7326f0025","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43.120759Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43.120759Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"9ARf1GUreYtdbI5WnFlo08PCF390Z8AvUwBGJMxt00QXLCjcmD4BYrV3QR7vnLjol7C/DKQnpJtsoq6tYZajDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:43.121251Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1405.4104","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:70a9691d3948d75d037a459383a50a677432b92b04883525ed76f2c32408b898","sha256:15053077ec6e340095ef6ea3652fd0e2ae406d559a5234d19b12f5529ee5532b"],"state_sha256":"20a45c24f4440a19cedab96d83ff530a0ac1a389fbf79e8f7c56d1902a3774b5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uHPJO03X2cn2X1X7nZE5HOBaUeF0kY5HIbybKrp5+BjMUdcxJWEKvXNcGT+HPLirt8/WysNBwajBEnH1j7HUDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:35:47.020854Z","bundle_sha256":"c24977576bfb9011c36b63473f4e6f92c03852df7a4391c33f42169ceed3f9c4"}}