{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS","short_pith_number":"pith:QEE7ZBBE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2205.01127","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2022-05-02T18:00:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"af7411d5cdf629c4dbf002fdca0b0f6d3679d028b31ecc49e8af3c0e27d2ed58","abstract_canon_sha256":"7bb4b670b2a02368381780d9eb949e15eafb443a8bc67a1eca0c91651728259a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8109fc8424e4b8504887944eda3eae1c846cbdff77a036a4b8af146581a899fd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2205.01127","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2205.01127","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2205.01127v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2205.01127","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QEE7ZBBE4S4F","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEH","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QEE7ZBBE","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2205.01127","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2022-05-02T18:00:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"af7411d5cdf629c4dbf002fdca0b0f6d3679d028b31ecc49e8af3c0e27d2ed58","abstract_canon_sha256":"7bb4b670b2a02368381780d9eb949e15eafb443a8bc67a1eca0c91651728259a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8109fc8424e4b8504887944eda3eae1c846cbdff77a036a4b8af146581a899fd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01.222637Z","signature_b64":"dt8AG9AugmATCEQYoUhGF9dgOvjEd2PTHDXEGgWrdh8Q0T0ndVSrUCzOyvHu+RNmGl8BFVLdXXl/16L0u54zAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8109fc8424e4b8504887944eda3eae1c846cbdff77a036a4b8af146581a899fd","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01.222229Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01.222229Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2205.01127","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YCmnzi2kHcKjgdvoH4bsJY/sThaVkbBJlltJKGvMeabRb2pJstV0lQlfWnbM5fnRdAfdFu3C7hYMcIdyoXPpCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T01:42:20.336800Z"},"content_sha256":"8df304367dda655b83d8ccea482abb26dd6809ff111d08e03ce683bf884ed87a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8df304367dda655b83d8ccea482abb26dd6809ff111d08e03ce683bf884ed87a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Redshift Evolution of Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources out to z~0.5: Comparison with X-Ray Binary Populations and Contribution to the Cosmic X-Ray Background","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Daniel Stern, Julia M. Comerford, Marianne Heida, R. Scott Barrows","submitted_at":"2022-05-02T18:00:08Z","abstract_excerpt":"Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are thought to be powerful X-ray binaries (XRBs) and may contribute significantly to the redshift-dependent X-ray emission from star forming galaxies. We have assembled a uniform sample of 259 ULXs over the redshift range z=0.002-0.51 to constrain their physical nature and their contribution to the Cosmic X-Ray Background (CXB). The sample is constructed by crossmatching galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with the Chandra Source Catalog and selecting off-nuclear X-ray sources after applying astrometric corrections. The fraction of contaminants is ~30%"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2205.01127","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2205.01127/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7650bwumlIWzAGmWUUZfDfPKoTd6P6HSL/s6Lihorg05bQEx1XkxqF8y3if0LiXOP5J2lIVEiJrCy9kRtNgTAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T01:42:20.337286Z"},"content_sha256":"b4d5b032fbefa877ac59d2883ae322911dae994fd455c9d09dbf90293818a09e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b4d5b032fbefa877ac59d2883ae322911dae994fd455c9d09dbf90293818a09e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T01:42:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEHSRHNUPVODS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7bb4b670b2a02368381780d9eb949e15eafb443a8bc67a1eca0c91651728259a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2022-05-02T18:00:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"af7411d5cdf629c4dbf002fdca0b0f6d3679d028b31ecc49e8af3c0e27d2ed58"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2205.01127","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2205.01127","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2205.01127v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2205.01127","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QEE7ZBBE4S4F","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QEE7ZBBE4S4FASEH","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QEE7ZBBE","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b4d5b032fbefa877ac59d2883ae322911dae994fd455c9d09dbf90293818a09e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2205.01127/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are thought to be powerful X-ray binaries (XRBs) and may contribute significantly to the redshift-dependent X-ray emission from star forming galaxies. We have assembled a uniform sample of 259 ULXs over the redshift range z=0.002-0.51 to constrain their physical nature and their contribution to the Cosmic X-Ray Background (CXB). The sample is constructed by crossmatching galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with the Chandra Source Catalog and selecting off-nuclear X-ray sources after applying astrometric corrections. The fraction of contaminants is ~30%","authors_text":"Daniel Stern, Julia M. Comerford, Marianne Heida, R. Scott Barrows","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2022-05-02T18:00:08Z","title":"The Redshift Evolution of Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources out to z~0.5: Comparison with X-Ray Binary Populations and Contribution to the Cosmic X-Ray Background"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2205.01127","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8df304367dda655b83d8ccea482abb26dd6809ff111d08e03ce683bf884ed87a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7bb4b670b2a02368381780d9eb949e15eafb443a8bc67a1eca0c91651728259a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2022-05-02T18:00:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"af7411d5cdf629c4dbf002fdca0b0f6d3679d028b31ecc49e8af3c0e27d2ed58"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2205.01127","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8109fc8424e4b8504887944eda3eae1c846cbdff77a036a4b8af146581a899fd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8109fc8424e4b8504887944eda3eae1c846cbdff77a036a4b8af146581a899fd","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01.222229Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01.222229Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"dt8AG9AugmATCEQYoUhGF9dgOvjEd2PTHDXEGgWrdh8Q0T0ndVSrUCzOyvHu+RNmGl8BFVLdXXl/16L0u54zAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:01.222637Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2205.01127","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8df304367dda655b83d8ccea482abb26dd6809ff111d08e03ce683bf884ed87a","sha256:b4d5b032fbefa877ac59d2883ae322911dae994fd455c9d09dbf90293818a09e"],"state_sha256":"f38db2fc7564dd8b83cc43f832cf4f1b26cd248ec5a316009268201fb4e8090e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Vbo860SWiaWHqO0SXGumSvut4482ETAReTpi0nGj2luj7Uhz0gGzc8vOtsOM4EqL8ttIGwFoMty+LtCpDBO/CQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T01:42:20.341199Z","bundle_sha256":"37ba595e6f3173959276de509e648d014b313e7866ba4bc34d38d7f266ea7aa8"}}