{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST","short_pith_number":"pith:QGE7B7WB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2302.01328","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-02-02T18:58:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"5bd454da63a5a28fbe9d8cb433ac5bc9581632df2239b1810e405d3bd3559970","abstract_canon_sha256":"84a58038f8b88c39a84898a7114cbf5bbdac6958e7b1715082afc34430d9089e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8189f0fec1b1f41343945be24d645a94da58bc5e85a5319b1f237acc480add59","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2302.01328","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2302.01328","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2302.01328v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2302.01328","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QGE7B7WBWH2B","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4U","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QGE7B7WB","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2302.01328","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-02-02T18:58:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"5bd454da63a5a28fbe9d8cb433ac5bc9581632df2239b1810e405d3bd3559970","abstract_canon_sha256":"84a58038f8b88c39a84898a7114cbf5bbdac6958e7b1715082afc34430d9089e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8189f0fec1b1f41343945be24d645a94da58bc5e85a5319b1f237acc480add59","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27.161749Z","signature_b64":"Dj9NcfXTB5CYrARuUCU9ko+X2F59SowWI/rd0x1Ijs1l4oKdBqBKPYmrVtXdI/bs4tAl1tMKgVLuJZyl1ShMBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8189f0fec1b1f41343945be24d645a94da58bc5e85a5319b1f237acc480add59","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27.161335Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27.161335Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2302.01328","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"00MAL6KCjts7Hyps0h/DkY55iajwkPXXRMDeXUwTB2WRu3qUw6c/1zua6L67RZ1VoLGhdziO4b72bTHB2FQDDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T12:07:00.162243Z"},"content_sha256":"9537047bf82b807a4091018bd2c58744d8e0eacbeece70be5dcffe6c6a61cd4e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9537047bf82b807a4091018bd2c58744d8e0eacbeece70be5dcffe6c6a61cd4e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"IC3: Image Captioning by Committee Consensus","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Austin Myers, David A. Ross, David M. Chan, John Canny, Sudheendra Vijayanarasimhan","submitted_at":"2023-02-02T18:58:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"If you ask a human to describe an image, they might do so in a thousand different ways. Traditionally, image captioning models are trained to generate a single \"best\" (most like a reference) image caption. Unfortunately, doing so encourages captions that are \"informationally impoverished,\" and focus on only a subset of the possible details, while ignoring other potentially useful information in the scene. In this work, we introduce a simple, yet novel, method: \"Image Captioning by Committee Consensus\" (IC3), designed to generate a single caption that captures high-level details from several an"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2302.01328","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2302.01328/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LMvvvlVZ7JDqs2b1DnN3sDuGjRnFdPJ4lij9HFfgX82Cuvam5qTZtRd7tP5xUZL+xtTP6W6F/aPtu3KpdyuvBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T12:07:00.163171Z"},"content_sha256":"7f4beff95303cbaddc3d8915ab43badfbc7e9e82f23f219315dcfcb185e18b07","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7f4beff95303cbaddc3d8915ab43badfbc7e9e82f23f219315dcfcb185e18b07"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T12:07:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4ULPRE2ZC2ST","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"84a58038f8b88c39a84898a7114cbf5bbdac6958e7b1715082afc34430d9089e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-02-02T18:58:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"5bd454da63a5a28fbe9d8cb433ac5bc9581632df2239b1810e405d3bd3559970"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2302.01328","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2302.01328","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2302.01328v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2302.01328","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QGE7B7WBWH2B","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QGE7B7WBWH2BGQ4U","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QGE7B7WB","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7f4beff95303cbaddc3d8915ab43badfbc7e9e82f23f219315dcfcb185e18b07","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2302.01328/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"If you ask a human to describe an image, they might do so in a thousand different ways. Traditionally, image captioning models are trained to generate a single \"best\" (most like a reference) image caption. Unfortunately, doing so encourages captions that are \"informationally impoverished,\" and focus on only a subset of the possible details, while ignoring other potentially useful information in the scene. In this work, we introduce a simple, yet novel, method: \"Image Captioning by Committee Consensus\" (IC3), designed to generate a single caption that captures high-level details from several an","authors_text":"Austin Myers, David A. Ross, David M. Chan, John Canny, Sudheendra Vijayanarasimhan","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-02-02T18:58:05Z","title":"IC3: Image Captioning by Committee Consensus"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2302.01328","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9537047bf82b807a4091018bd2c58744d8e0eacbeece70be5dcffe6c6a61cd4e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"84a58038f8b88c39a84898a7114cbf5bbdac6958e7b1715082afc34430d9089e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-02-02T18:58:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"5bd454da63a5a28fbe9d8cb433ac5bc9581632df2239b1810e405d3bd3559970"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2302.01328","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"8189f0fec1b1f41343945be24d645a94da58bc5e85a5319b1f237acc480add59","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8189f0fec1b1f41343945be24d645a94da58bc5e85a5319b1f237acc480add59","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27.161335Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27.161335Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Dj9NcfXTB5CYrARuUCU9ko+X2F59SowWI/rd0x1Ijs1l4oKdBqBKPYmrVtXdI/bs4tAl1tMKgVLuJZyl1ShMBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:02:27.161749Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2302.01328","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9537047bf82b807a4091018bd2c58744d8e0eacbeece70be5dcffe6c6a61cd4e","sha256:7f4beff95303cbaddc3d8915ab43badfbc7e9e82f23f219315dcfcb185e18b07"],"state_sha256":"e35054263279ea321cca57df14563af702d57ab0e59c76d53540d4482084da61"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WU8OOd15OZ30cC71vUwlev5s0uLNaEbdtZq73hHoL/7EfRF5PYjWDMzivI+GqrQ4ruV1UwdfAEQbByhDX0chCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T12:07:00.169695Z","bundle_sha256":"11b3a7f12a1bc4bf939d8655261e421044e542bde8914f5109e6a8cd8bfa60d6"}}