{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM","short_pith_number":"pith:QHP2B4DD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1306.4589","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-06-19T15:52:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"740fb8889155d44e6b1307b857605e343288d27ff5362f8c851b639d64a90e56","abstract_canon_sha256":"ce8791c60083ee51b761096178f152d75fc20b5d0863a66feb26132fec7600ef"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"81dfa0f063f1ada98bbd6e7155336d2b198a0e795177947945622018c3d0d850","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1306.4589","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1306.4589","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1306.4589v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1306.4589","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QHP2B4DD6GW2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QHP2B4DD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1306.4589","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-06-19T15:52:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"740fb8889155d44e6b1307b857605e343288d27ff5362f8c851b639d64a90e56","abstract_canon_sha256":"ce8791c60083ee51b761096178f152d75fc20b5d0863a66feb26132fec7600ef"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"81dfa0f063f1ada98bbd6e7155336d2b198a0e795177947945622018c3d0d850","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15.310032Z","signature_b64":"GVlrozA+QzJqgS+3a27TYmoaTJ8+eYJm/yPMOrzfSQj//eeq2a8vynZ5V+BmrCNvLHMc+/kdwN4fOluZgieBBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"81dfa0f063f1ada98bbd6e7155336d2b198a0e795177947945622018c3d0d850","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15.309354Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15.309354Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1306.4589","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K5UutCYBmt1YdHF4Hm0jMRHJnbmppVnDMDy/klcPjed46NvbJhHALqEdq4SfkdyD+wQriTIRC0d5Vb9mx+eGCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T03:58:17.145023Z"},"content_sha256":"4a1b9d4de4de4810026ee6a27a70621d58139fb95f694a28ae45d6d09055d189","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4a1b9d4de4de4810026ee6a27a70621d58139fb95f694a28ae45d6d09055d189"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Inherently Three-Dimensional Nature of Magnetized Plasma Turbulence","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.plasm-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"Gregory G. Howes","submitted_at":"2013-06-19T15:52:13Z","abstract_excerpt":"It is often asserted or implicitly assumed, without justification, that the results of two-dimensional investigations of plasma turbulence are applicable to the three-dimensional plasma environments of interest. A projection method is applied to derive two scalar equations that govern the nonlinear evolution of the Alfvenic and pseudo-Alfvenic components of ideal incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma turbulence. The mathematical form of these equations makes clear the inherently three-dimensional nature of plasma turbulence, enabling an analysis of the nonlinear properties of two-dim"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1306.4589","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BIEXEfummHJB9QVmHD5K1t3ta3b/hhSrT4hSIxbGHTePrgwn8orZztf0IthtecyfvumaubBbSdMDgFlGD1KhCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T03:58:17.145583Z"},"content_sha256":"89f2c61dda9708490e6eb630ec78d27bb1d93659056808a3191ee10a7f8fb318","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:89f2c61dda9708490e6eb630ec78d27bb1d93659056808a3191ee10a7f8fb318"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T03:58:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55NZYVKM3NFM","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ce8791c60083ee51b761096178f152d75fc20b5d0863a66feb26132fec7600ef","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-06-19T15:52:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"740fb8889155d44e6b1307b857605e343288d27ff5362f8c851b639d64a90e56"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1306.4589","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1306.4589","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1306.4589v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1306.4589","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QHP2B4DD6GW2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QHP2B4DD6GW2TC55","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QHP2B4DD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:89f2c61dda9708490e6eb630ec78d27bb1d93659056808a3191ee10a7f8fb318","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"It is often asserted or implicitly assumed, without justification, that the results of two-dimensional investigations of plasma turbulence are applicable to the three-dimensional plasma environments of interest. A projection method is applied to derive two scalar equations that govern the nonlinear evolution of the Alfvenic and pseudo-Alfvenic components of ideal incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma turbulence. The mathematical form of these equations makes clear the inherently three-dimensional nature of plasma turbulence, enabling an analysis of the nonlinear properties of two-dim","authors_text":"Gregory G. Howes","cross_cats":["physics.plasm-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-06-19T15:52:13Z","title":"The Inherently Three-Dimensional Nature of Magnetized Plasma Turbulence"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1306.4589","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4a1b9d4de4de4810026ee6a27a70621d58139fb95f694a28ae45d6d09055d189","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ce8791c60083ee51b761096178f152d75fc20b5d0863a66feb26132fec7600ef","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-06-19T15:52:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"740fb8889155d44e6b1307b857605e343288d27ff5362f8c851b639d64a90e56"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1306.4589","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"81dfa0f063f1ada98bbd6e7155336d2b198a0e795177947945622018c3d0d850","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"81dfa0f063f1ada98bbd6e7155336d2b198a0e795177947945622018c3d0d850","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15.309354Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15.309354Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GVlrozA+QzJqgS+3a27TYmoaTJ8+eYJm/yPMOrzfSQj//eeq2a8vynZ5V+BmrCNvLHMc+/kdwN4fOluZgieBBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:53:15.310032Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1306.4589","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4a1b9d4de4de4810026ee6a27a70621d58139fb95f694a28ae45d6d09055d189","sha256:89f2c61dda9708490e6eb630ec78d27bb1d93659056808a3191ee10a7f8fb318"],"state_sha256":"1735ed1f0b05cbc3fe0c870f670234c5ac2b16d955f2e94a581156a443df8f8a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wrCJgxTBdpl5UVgA9T/72P7fPgj2RMKrQy0+J7Ge6VUCh7nvxNZTOC6AXbFpwKpBk17n2/Ev54URUcJfYcDnBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T03:58:17.149143Z","bundle_sha256":"ea14ef5fe9d7126c0fe88a92508d086d29e06271e152b46982e51b68c886a4d0"}}