{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3","short_pith_number":"pith:QJ7JMNOA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1502.04423","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2015-02-16T05:52:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"01aace4c96620a83f9b0c8a36ccf49ba5c7f34117e3c20cdead8e7c4255375f6","abstract_canon_sha256":"81393cc3e850575d33a94cbc7bd18f1b44bdc58f80bf119d4fe5422dbb3fe348"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"827e9635c067b6a46e5c7c6818094eaedf062215c57ddebba0df970ccfbeb576","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1502.04423","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1502.04423","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1502.04423v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1502.04423","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QJ7JMNOAM63K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QJ7JMNOA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1502.04423","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2015-02-16T05:52:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"01aace4c96620a83f9b0c8a36ccf49ba5c7f34117e3c20cdead8e7c4255375f6","abstract_canon_sha256":"81393cc3e850575d33a94cbc7bd18f1b44bdc58f80bf119d4fe5422dbb3fe348"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"827e9635c067b6a46e5c7c6818094eaedf062215c57ddebba0df970ccfbeb576","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51.226432Z","signature_b64":"nYXtUd/WbN4e1z4xHfLRowjU8fSOZV0mzEwrw49l4xwZ4jW1/GaAW3MUkQ5yfLayqVh4fUT4bWLQYn5Lan7tAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"827e9635c067b6a46e5c7c6818094eaedf062215c57ddebba0df970ccfbeb576","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51.225807Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51.225807Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1502.04423","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+cWoEYTI+qrDh0nXJsafFmiKAciuZfSj0Hb5821DuiO1Xe+dSft3xhUDVy8wrcOJ4oWlrwv9ho44/fjdf2cuAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T19:12:04.525819Z"},"content_sha256":"ff18ff803ed339588f4ec877cfc6ea28db455e0e1b013e6b64d87ece1c860b81","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ff18ff803ed339588f4ec877cfc6ea28db455e0e1b013e6b64d87ece1c860b81"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Exploring Transfer Function Nonlinearity in Echo State Networks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.NE","authors_text":"Alireza Goudarzi, Alireza Shabani, Darko Stefanovic","submitted_at":"2015-02-16T05:52:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Supralinear and sublinear pre-synaptic and dendritic integration is considered to be responsible for nonlinear computation power of biological neurons, emphasizing the role of nonlinear integration as opposed to nonlinear output thresholding. How, why, and to what degree the transfer function nonlinearity helps biologically inspired neural network models is not fully understood. Here, we study these questions in the context of echo state networks (ESN). ESN is a simple neural network architecture in which a fixed recurrent network is driven with an input signal, and the output is generated by "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1502.04423","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZMWOEUTurzeih2egRa/zd1v+1DdfazmqhfaRxNitSuqgvm2jZKx4T/3Q8PLTzT3fyvLp9KNEwgpdhb8yZjVlDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T19:12:04.526820Z"},"content_sha256":"4b51a58882e5d123260b0e083934e141e0ac91f0b8afdb5592c96381808056e3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4b51a58882e5d123260b0e083934e141e0ac91f0b8afdb5592c96381808056e3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T19:12:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4PRUBQCKOV3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"81393cc3e850575d33a94cbc7bd18f1b44bdc58f80bf119d4fe5422dbb3fe348","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2015-02-16T05:52:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"01aace4c96620a83f9b0c8a36ccf49ba5c7f34117e3c20cdead8e7c4255375f6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1502.04423","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1502.04423","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1502.04423v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1502.04423","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QJ7JMNOAM63K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QJ7JMNOAM63KI3S4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QJ7JMNOA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4b51a58882e5d123260b0e083934e141e0ac91f0b8afdb5592c96381808056e3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Supralinear and sublinear pre-synaptic and dendritic integration is considered to be responsible for nonlinear computation power of biological neurons, emphasizing the role of nonlinear integration as opposed to nonlinear output thresholding. How, why, and to what degree the transfer function nonlinearity helps biologically inspired neural network models is not fully understood. Here, we study these questions in the context of echo state networks (ESN). ESN is a simple neural network architecture in which a fixed recurrent network is driven with an input signal, and the output is generated by ","authors_text":"Alireza Goudarzi, Alireza Shabani, Darko Stefanovic","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2015-02-16T05:52:23Z","title":"Exploring Transfer Function Nonlinearity in Echo State Networks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1502.04423","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ff18ff803ed339588f4ec877cfc6ea28db455e0e1b013e6b64d87ece1c860b81","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"81393cc3e850575d33a94cbc7bd18f1b44bdc58f80bf119d4fe5422dbb3fe348","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2015-02-16T05:52:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"01aace4c96620a83f9b0c8a36ccf49ba5c7f34117e3c20cdead8e7c4255375f6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1502.04423","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"827e9635c067b6a46e5c7c6818094eaedf062215c57ddebba0df970ccfbeb576","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"827e9635c067b6a46e5c7c6818094eaedf062215c57ddebba0df970ccfbeb576","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51.225807Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51.225807Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nYXtUd/WbN4e1z4xHfLRowjU8fSOZV0mzEwrw49l4xwZ4jW1/GaAW3MUkQ5yfLayqVh4fUT4bWLQYn5Lan7tAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:51.226432Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1502.04423","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ff18ff803ed339588f4ec877cfc6ea28db455e0e1b013e6b64d87ece1c860b81","sha256:4b51a58882e5d123260b0e083934e141e0ac91f0b8afdb5592c96381808056e3"],"state_sha256":"54465ceae948e0d08fd8518d5bee917c4da1f61ad8e3bf342ada89a5f63dca36"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hZyVYJCXKLEGPQ7asXuPIPOzps01SF/RHwTbei27eLUSnHhrlIOjDCAgKSpU+U74ihI4mLYW8bno+cHRgmBPDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T19:12:04.530360Z","bundle_sha256":"d6da9631c2b214e83a4f8d87e28494164a92ca2d7b1db9d648ad492d0c2ee07f"}}