{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6","short_pith_number":"pith:QOVYWFEO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2512.17283","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2025-12-19T06:59:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"80bafe73dcc327f03c7953f404b8fda5152aa1d2cbf1e8ef4c380541495a8aa8","abstract_canon_sha256":"7f5c691f1448cf0b6058e32b7e26c7dbbc904e5f8b1dcd69700dce215f7ee3de"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"83ab8b148ee8a57c80ad3a1e5e9dd4af9680c3e489ffcd2b0f8fb6d8b988647a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2512.17283","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2512.17283","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2512.17283v2","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2512.17283","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QOVYWFEO5CSX","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFN","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QOVYWFEO","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2512.17283","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2025-12-19T06:59:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"80bafe73dcc327f03c7953f404b8fda5152aa1d2cbf1e8ef4c380541495a8aa8","abstract_canon_sha256":"7f5c691f1448cf0b6058e32b7e26c7dbbc904e5f8b1dcd69700dce215f7ee3de"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"83ab8b148ee8a57c80ad3a1e5e9dd4af9680c3e489ffcd2b0f8fb6d8b988647a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31.898609Z","signature_b64":"nmAcMckHF3vE73v0FM22MvVkFgJ0JZ4j27gvQ8f0pqcWqP9PlFy0fs1JJpioLgQf7q5Y/SnjFQdKE0QoMmfzAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"83ab8b148ee8a57c80ad3a1e5e9dd4af9680c3e489ffcd2b0f8fb6d8b988647a","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31.897536Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31.897536Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2512.17283","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/Ne4F2tTmvqtb2bzauZeZReZ9pzwFUK5/xiqkkWl4O3TUbqjEZ1U9qJMvJ+LoC5yk4oQ1a60y6wVJGvyLeTOBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T20:44:47.871504Z"},"content_sha256":"7a2b77f2a34b18c11a3367aedc746e071f77e6257f2a86d2999ecfd4450b06ee","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7a2b77f2a34b18c11a3367aedc746e071f77e6257f2a86d2999ecfd4450b06ee"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Near-Field Multi-User Communications via Polar-Domain Beamfocusing: Analytical Framework and Performance Analysis","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"eess.SP","authors_text":"Ahmed Elzanaty, Lin Chen, Mustafa A. Kishk, Ying-Jun Angela Zhang","submitted_at":"2025-12-19T06:59:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"As wireless systems evolve toward higher frequencies and extremely large antenna arrays, near-field (NF) propagation becomes increasingly dominant. Unlike far-field (FF) communication, which relies on a planar-wavefront model and is limited to angular-domain beamsteering, NF propagation exhibits spherical wavefronts that enable beamfocusing in both angle and distance, i.e., the polar domain, offering new opportunities for spatial multiple access. This paper develops an analytical stochastic geometry (SG) framework for a multi-user system assisted by polar-domain beamfocusing, which jointly cap"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2512.17283","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2512.17283/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HYq5fN+BTjsHJkTchFKOExHaMA+Zip9wGk6Jsv/wQ7AS5iDljeBJZMyOtiThzuukI5f87HZmmDfD4SkbS0oUAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T20:44:47.871890Z"},"content_sha256":"22d46866268d624134eaa51bd32ec7a1255aaf9bb031529d661eb0c5866ed0cf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:22d46866268d624134eaa51bd32ec7a1255aaf9bb031529d661eb0c5866ed0cf"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T20:44:47Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFNHIPF5HOUV6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7f5c691f1448cf0b6058e32b7e26c7dbbc904e5f8b1dcd69700dce215f7ee3de","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2025-12-19T06:59:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"80bafe73dcc327f03c7953f404b8fda5152aa1d2cbf1e8ef4c380541495a8aa8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2512.17283","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2512.17283","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2512.17283v2","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2512.17283","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QOVYWFEO5CSX","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QOVYWFEO5CSXZAFN","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QOVYWFEO","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:22d46866268d624134eaa51bd32ec7a1255aaf9bb031529d661eb0c5866ed0cf","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2512.17283/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"As wireless systems evolve toward higher frequencies and extremely large antenna arrays, near-field (NF) propagation becomes increasingly dominant. Unlike far-field (FF) communication, which relies on a planar-wavefront model and is limited to angular-domain beamsteering, NF propagation exhibits spherical wavefronts that enable beamfocusing in both angle and distance, i.e., the polar domain, offering new opportunities for spatial multiple access. This paper develops an analytical stochastic geometry (SG) framework for a multi-user system assisted by polar-domain beamfocusing, which jointly cap","authors_text":"Ahmed Elzanaty, Lin Chen, Mustafa A. Kishk, Ying-Jun Angela Zhang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2025-12-19T06:59:48Z","title":"Near-Field Multi-User Communications via Polar-Domain Beamfocusing: Analytical Framework and Performance Analysis"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2512.17283","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7a2b77f2a34b18c11a3367aedc746e071f77e6257f2a86d2999ecfd4450b06ee","target":"record","created_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7f5c691f1448cf0b6058e32b7e26c7dbbc904e5f8b1dcd69700dce215f7ee3de","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2025-12-19T06:59:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"80bafe73dcc327f03c7953f404b8fda5152aa1d2cbf1e8ef4c380541495a8aa8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2512.17283","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"83ab8b148ee8a57c80ad3a1e5e9dd4af9680c3e489ffcd2b0f8fb6d8b988647a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"83ab8b148ee8a57c80ad3a1e5e9dd4af9680c3e489ffcd2b0f8fb6d8b988647a","first_computed_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31.897536Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31.897536Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nmAcMckHF3vE73v0FM22MvVkFgJ0JZ4j27gvQ8f0pqcWqP9PlFy0fs1JJpioLgQf7q5Y/SnjFQdKE0QoMmfzAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-06-01T02:03:31.898609Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2512.17283","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7a2b77f2a34b18c11a3367aedc746e071f77e6257f2a86d2999ecfd4450b06ee","sha256:22d46866268d624134eaa51bd32ec7a1255aaf9bb031529d661eb0c5866ed0cf"],"state_sha256":"e13c0b7ca2d8feece36426022556d86557ca75d10b7bc4e995dcc18c477fb6b5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/RcsTt7FG0G+2jKoELyKUPt0m4bRGRpD2Ljv4Se3+qlsNkh0YB6Rqx6KxuZzrez5WUT0NH/ektzwGnzXnp0nAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T20:44:47.874032Z","bundle_sha256":"14c4181ea5e77e6a27d09eb1828bbb5248d5e0a310e89fee21bd7962bda9ab00"}}