{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA","short_pith_number":"pith:QP7V45VU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.02712","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T18:46:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c43bc56259f9a94c5dc61baa07ab06ac6bfc7533921227659ed81c1e681c0bee","abstract_canon_sha256":"2a0591a8b71754090bbde69a03a727b5ff1662f059067ac83e68903b8e4eab07"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"83ff5e76b451346e09d429c945a3e508213a48e4d3c8dcd05a485f20645812f1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1812.02712","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.02712","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.02712v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.02712","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QP7V45VUKE2G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QP7V45VUKE2G4COU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QP7V45VU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.02712","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T18:46:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c43bc56259f9a94c5dc61baa07ab06ac6bfc7533921227659ed81c1e681c0bee","abstract_canon_sha256":"2a0591a8b71754090bbde69a03a727b5ff1662f059067ac83e68903b8e4eab07"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"83ff5e76b451346e09d429c945a3e508213a48e4d3c8dcd05a485f20645812f1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.136909Z","signature_b64":"IKNMkmrbL7pVWuiiuOhqNlX2cP6uQNIHxDBWo2Hyy+AmX8Cuu9OcVbuXRwPzCSSJ54Tk1nwIvDm+4VKONW3mCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"83ff5e76b451346e09d429c945a3e508213a48e4d3c8dcd05a485f20645812f1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.136280Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.136280Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1812.02712","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PUK/MaI2JcogvnzQ8UlfT9HBKYRhGipoU1dfmuYIK7neuYIV8QRruY73ndpDB+wC2tlphpaNMgf1E0X1cFzKBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T22:14:29.094941Z"},"content_sha256":"d81d20794841d7ad124a7ef7ee18aa4385234308e778e2be156f132c49acc83b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d81d20794841d7ad124a7ef7ee18aa4385234308e778e2be156f132c49acc83b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Analyzing the hate and counter speech accounts on Twitter","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SI","authors_text":"Animesh Mukherjee, Binny Mathew, Navish Kumar, Pawan Goyal, Ravina","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T18:46:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"The online hate speech is proliferating with several organization and countries implementing laws to ban such harmful speech. While these restrictions might reduce the amount of such hateful content, it does so by restricting freedom of speech. Thus, an promising alternative supported by several organizations is to counter such hate speech with more speech. In this paper, We analyze hate speech and the corresponding counters (aka counterspeech) on Twitter. We perform several lexical, linguistic and psycholinguistic analysis on these user accounts and obverse that counter speakers employ severa"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.02712","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"E5xBk9dcl3TlRhNKL3LR5w1+67OIVg7osUE1RcPl7gwYUNsgcSGd18o63vIBNBvFYNo/Qj5kJfCdlkW+gKCrBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T22:14:29.095614Z"},"content_sha256":"fa27fda69446d6badfa9ce2bbd32bed478dbddf2c8e98c1b596be3e8705f6cd1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fa27fda69446d6badfa9ce2bbd32bed478dbddf2c8e98c1b596be3e8705f6cd1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-23T22:14:29Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:QP7V45VUKE2G4COUFHEULI7FBA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2a0591a8b71754090bbde69a03a727b5ff1662f059067ac83e68903b8e4eab07","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T18:46:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"c43bc56259f9a94c5dc61baa07ab06ac6bfc7533921227659ed81c1e681c0bee"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.02712","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.02712","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.02712v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.02712","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QP7V45VUKE2G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QP7V45VUKE2G4COU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QP7V45VU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fa27fda69446d6badfa9ce2bbd32bed478dbddf2c8e98c1b596be3e8705f6cd1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The online hate speech is proliferating with several organization and countries implementing laws to ban such harmful speech. While these restrictions might reduce the amount of such hateful content, it does so by restricting freedom of speech. Thus, an promising alternative supported by several organizations is to counter such hate speech with more speech. In this paper, We analyze hate speech and the corresponding counters (aka counterspeech) on Twitter. We perform several lexical, linguistic and psycholinguistic analysis on these user accounts and obverse that counter speakers employ severa","authors_text":"Animesh Mukherjee, Binny Mathew, Navish Kumar, Pawan Goyal, Ravina","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T18:46:32Z","title":"Analyzing the hate and counter speech accounts on Twitter"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.02712","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d81d20794841d7ad124a7ef7ee18aa4385234308e778e2be156f132c49acc83b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2a0591a8b71754090bbde69a03a727b5ff1662f059067ac83e68903b8e4eab07","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T18:46:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"c43bc56259f9a94c5dc61baa07ab06ac6bfc7533921227659ed81c1e681c0bee"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.02712","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"83ff5e76b451346e09d429c945a3e508213a48e4d3c8dcd05a485f20645812f1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"83ff5e76b451346e09d429c945a3e508213a48e4d3c8dcd05a485f20645812f1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.136280Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.136280Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"IKNMkmrbL7pVWuiiuOhqNlX2cP6uQNIHxDBWo2Hyy+AmX8Cuu9OcVbuXRwPzCSSJ54Tk1nwIvDm+4VKONW3mCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.136909Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1812.02712","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d81d20794841d7ad124a7ef7ee18aa4385234308e778e2be156f132c49acc83b","sha256:fa27fda69446d6badfa9ce2bbd32bed478dbddf2c8e98c1b596be3e8705f6cd1"],"state_sha256":"888ef973179cf3e899275282b92969cf6da2ae154ff249af99086f8f9830644d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SUQ3W293f23/SS+Z3x22V+WqUZC9Cz1RZIOyUaYtfa1O4gpqFs86qOKfnhm4RUtbPJjf8P99kJB4M7Gm3cMAAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T22:14:29.099658Z","bundle_sha256":"6cf6ebea226e1455bc3c7d121a0dad004cc452bb78cc0506fa5ce7fc6abad903"}}