{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:1999:QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2","short_pith_number":"pith:QRWCPMCD","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"846c27b043dc4c4d67b771838c17a136808fe6690b1b41dc65343e00f93fbca6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-th/9906055","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Dualities of Type 0 Strings","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"M.R. Gaberdiel (Cambridge), O. Bergman (Caltech)","submitted_at":"1999-06-07T20:15:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"It is conjectured that the two closed bosonic string theories, Type 0A and Type 0B, correspond to certain supersymmetry breaking orbifold compactifications of M-theory. Various implications of this conjecture are discussed, in particular the behaviour of the tachyon at strong coupling and the existence of non-perturbative fermionic states in Type 0A. The latter are shown to correspond to bound states of Type 0A D-particles, thus providing further evidence for the conjecture. We also give a comprehensive description of the various Type 0 closed and open string theories."},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/9906055","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1999-06-07T20:15:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1df86ca5e32e673ee2155d08168711ed4a5744b14b875262ea296dd015f0e2d3","abstract_canon_sha256":"0dc43efb029a4ff353f646ebede62f52ede970151f804b01680b252b336b676c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:35:15.499003Z","signature_b64":"GuqJDfaWsjNlgniM8DBnY285lbcEEk0HNY8Vf10ov3FnY71st2SKTxEBRFi8OuRfqwcahETJ2oS2dJjcG2zFAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"846c27b043dc4c4d67b771838c17a136808fe6690b1b41dc65343e00f93fbca6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:35:15.498451Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:35:15.498451Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Dualities of Type 0 Strings","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"M.R. Gaberdiel (Cambridge), O. Bergman (Caltech)","submitted_at":"1999-06-07T20:15:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"It is conjectured that the two closed bosonic string theories, Type 0A and Type 0B, correspond to certain supersymmetry breaking orbifold compactifications of M-theory. Various implications of this conjecture are discussed, in particular the behaviour of the tachyon at strong coupling and the existence of non-perturbative fermionic states in Type 0A. The latter are shown to correspond to bound states of Type 0A D-particles, thus providing further evidence for the conjecture. We also give a comprehensive description of the various Type 0 closed and open string theories."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/9906055","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/9906055","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:35:15.498543+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/9906055v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:35:15.498543+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9906055","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:35:15.498543+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QRWCPMCD3RGE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49.631198+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49.631198+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QRWCPMCD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:49.631198+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":6,"internal_anchor_count":5,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.23886","citing_title":"Heterotic Strings on Enriques Surfaces","ref_index":33,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.29926","citing_title":"Recursive-algebraic solution of the closed string tachyon vacuum equation","ref_index":13,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.15276","citing_title":"Bordisms between 9d type IIB supergravities and commutator widths of duality groups","ref_index":15,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.25786","citing_title":"Ho\\v{r}ava-Witten theory on ${\\mathbf{S}}^1\\vee{\\mathbf{S}}^1$ as type 0 orientifold","ref_index":16,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.29926","citing_title":"Recursive-algebraic solution of the closed string tachyon vacuum equation","ref_index":13,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.07433","citing_title":"A Duality Web for Non-Supersymmetric Strings","ref_index":7,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2","json":"https://pith.science/pith/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/QRWCPMCD"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/QRWCPMCD","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=hep-th/9906055&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/QRWCPMCD3RGE2Z5XOGBYYF5BG2/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:35:15.498543+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T04:35:15.498543+00:00"}