{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ","short_pith_number":"pith:QSIQWDNU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1308.3278","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-08-15T00:03:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"800816f33f825ef5ea3c2a5f50109cfed2daa9008b2902b09cb6df1d7bde3b50","abstract_canon_sha256":"1f396b50e2f9a500418f4da16720b1343175d4f9302aaf76407b0826c0bf0746"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"84910b0db4839d79e832cd47117b01927c8e8ed3e82b6fff17720f52ace1afc5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1308.3278","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1308.3278","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1308.3278v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1308.3278","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QSIQWDNUQOOX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QSIQWDNU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1308.3278","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-08-15T00:03:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"800816f33f825ef5ea3c2a5f50109cfed2daa9008b2902b09cb6df1d7bde3b50","abstract_canon_sha256":"1f396b50e2f9a500418f4da16720b1343175d4f9302aaf76407b0826c0bf0746"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"84910b0db4839d79e832cd47117b01927c8e8ed3e82b6fff17720f52ace1afc5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15.356034Z","signature_b64":"6LjSF0YRuppJLbvzuemxP9k2R0Qwf30dskiSSB5YrEcRttPb/a3Aq2BEJotED28cfXnPbM5MiOwGIwFC4Wr8Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"84910b0db4839d79e832cd47117b01927c8e8ed3e82b6fff17720f52ace1afc5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15.355447Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15.355447Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1308.3278","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7RPVbopJV6iz/ypz+OOpTDKDvCIo7cnxTwUoYg5NZSCfcV9HSRdNFOR9nLyngrLA+nfpMkJlMsmBGesSMBIeAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T17:03:34.906198Z"},"content_sha256":"c29e12ae072308e2f54d019bff8cb5ca8c3c8b38bae0fb06ec6b29673e1a9991","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c29e12ae072308e2f54d019bff8cb5ca8c3c8b38bae0fb06ec6b29673e1a9991"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Biggest Explosions in the Universe. II","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Alexander Heger, Chris L. Fryer, Daniel J. Whalen, Jarrett L. Johnson, Joseph Smidt, Wesley Even","submitted_at":"2013-08-15T00:03:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"One of the leading contenders for the origin of supermassive black holes at $z \\gtrsim$ 7 is catastrophic baryon collapse in atomically-cooled halos at $z \\sim$ 15. In this scenario, a few protogalaxies form in the presence of strong Lyman-Werner UV backgrounds that quench H$_2$ formation in their constituent halos, preventing them from forming stars or blowing heavy elements into the intergalactic medium prior to formation. At masses of 10$^ 8$ \\Ms\\ and virial temperatures of 10$^4$ K, gas in these halos rapidly cools by H lines, in some cases forming 10$^4$ - 10$^6$ \\Ms\\ Pop III stars and, a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1308.3278","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"y7euf3YICWvHqQdxZKKGQG0bzCHqNMgKPYTkJSQ2bSN+p+/BiSW6P1PPqLbEAsgki+V/KYlZ1YG63eVGCoTnAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T17:03:34.906872Z"},"content_sha256":"55249cfc060dfa1d7bacb984ba7b3644d04e44246e19ceb255efb83316cc5524","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:55249cfc060dfa1d7bacb984ba7b3644d04e44246e19ceb255efb83316cc5524"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T17:03:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BSZVDRC6YBSJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1f396b50e2f9a500418f4da16720b1343175d4f9302aaf76407b0826c0bf0746","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-08-15T00:03:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"800816f33f825ef5ea3c2a5f50109cfed2daa9008b2902b09cb6df1d7bde3b50"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1308.3278","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1308.3278","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1308.3278v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1308.3278","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QSIQWDNUQOOX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QSIQWDNUQOOXT2BS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QSIQWDNU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:55249cfc060dfa1d7bacb984ba7b3644d04e44246e19ceb255efb83316cc5524","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"One of the leading contenders for the origin of supermassive black holes at $z \\gtrsim$ 7 is catastrophic baryon collapse in atomically-cooled halos at $z \\sim$ 15. In this scenario, a few protogalaxies form in the presence of strong Lyman-Werner UV backgrounds that quench H$_2$ formation in their constituent halos, preventing them from forming stars or blowing heavy elements into the intergalactic medium prior to formation. At masses of 10$^ 8$ \\Ms\\ and virial temperatures of 10$^4$ K, gas in these halos rapidly cools by H lines, in some cases forming 10$^4$ - 10$^6$ \\Ms\\ Pop III stars and, a","authors_text":"Alexander Heger, Chris L. Fryer, Daniel J. Whalen, Jarrett L. Johnson, Joseph Smidt, Wesley Even","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-08-15T00:03:00Z","title":"The Biggest Explosions in the Universe. II"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1308.3278","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c29e12ae072308e2f54d019bff8cb5ca8c3c8b38bae0fb06ec6b29673e1a9991","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1f396b50e2f9a500418f4da16720b1343175d4f9302aaf76407b0826c0bf0746","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-08-15T00:03:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"800816f33f825ef5ea3c2a5f50109cfed2daa9008b2902b09cb6df1d7bde3b50"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1308.3278","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"84910b0db4839d79e832cd47117b01927c8e8ed3e82b6fff17720f52ace1afc5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"84910b0db4839d79e832cd47117b01927c8e8ed3e82b6fff17720f52ace1afc5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15.355447Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15.355447Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"6LjSF0YRuppJLbvzuemxP9k2R0Qwf30dskiSSB5YrEcRttPb/a3Aq2BEJotED28cfXnPbM5MiOwGIwFC4Wr8Dg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:15.356034Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1308.3278","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c29e12ae072308e2f54d019bff8cb5ca8c3c8b38bae0fb06ec6b29673e1a9991","sha256:55249cfc060dfa1d7bacb984ba7b3644d04e44246e19ceb255efb83316cc5524"],"state_sha256":"0b9db3952ccd17204b4f4b5d9d20427a8bd45c07ee3640c8d2b3a13870698d41"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TbFROwU37NQko6UkuWzA0l9cXX58dGqEf8TvADMUOPAfziYDkK2tEOfbjsv2pRpFFdb+CMETUY9u1On8zsIDCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T17:03:34.910271Z","bundle_sha256":"9d479cfed6a76226c6b9823ff3414f1b4084aeea120d6bb3c558197af8fae126"}}