{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2012:QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF","short_pith_number":"pith:QUY4ZIUS","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"8531cca29283803d2f43a97da93d90295910742b66fe48d3a7607ae07df80ee9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1205.4761","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Maximal air bubble entrainment at liquid drop impact","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.PS"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Chao Sun, Detlef Lohse, Devaraj van der Meer, Diederik L. Keij, Ivo R. Peters, Jacco H. Snoeijer, Koen G. Winkels, Roeland C. A. van der Veen, Tuan Tran, Wilco Bouwhuis","submitted_at":"2012-05-21T22:13:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"At impact of a liquid drop on a solid surface an air bubble can be entrapped. Here we show that two competing effects minimize the (relative) size of this entrained air bubble: For large drop impact velocity and large droplets the inertia of the liquid flattens the entrained bubble, whereas for small impact velocity and small droplets capillary forces minimize the entrained bubble. However, we demonstrate experimentally, theoretically, and numerically that in between there is an optimum, leading to maximal air bubble entrapment. Our results have a strong bearing on various applications in prin"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1205.4761","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2012-05-21T22:13:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.PS"],"title_canon_sha256":"1ee08e7f616bbd662a4c001b5a124621a4fb8cd14be23d4db642f900ff1d88db","abstract_canon_sha256":"f862ca246b8b056b91d385ad9091d769217df0cc9299e872357f9152a0ab6938"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:57:24.750404Z","signature_b64":"MyPcpvmpy84FRBwJ8AX2YfLBCk/YUGpxi91Y7ib98gpiha9XfWrhSZOF8c1bU/hXreLx+wfe9zZncW8l4y6nBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8531cca29283803d2f43a97da93d90295910742b66fe48d3a7607ae07df80ee9","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:57:24.749933Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:57:24.749933Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Maximal air bubble entrainment at liquid drop impact","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.PS"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Chao Sun, Detlef Lohse, Devaraj van der Meer, Diederik L. Keij, Ivo R. Peters, Jacco H. Snoeijer, Koen G. Winkels, Roeland C. A. van der Veen, Tuan Tran, Wilco Bouwhuis","submitted_at":"2012-05-21T22:13:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"At impact of a liquid drop on a solid surface an air bubble can be entrapped. Here we show that two competing effects minimize the (relative) size of this entrained air bubble: For large drop impact velocity and large droplets the inertia of the liquid flattens the entrained bubble, whereas for small impact velocity and small droplets capillary forces minimize the entrained bubble. However, we demonstrate experimentally, theoretically, and numerically that in between there is an optimum, leading to maximal air bubble entrapment. Our results have a strong bearing on various applications in prin"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1205.4761","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1205.4761","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:57:24.750001+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1205.4761v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:57:24.750001+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1205.4761","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:57:24.750001+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QUY4ZIUSQOAD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20.899486+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2D","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20.899486+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QUY4ZIUS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20.899486+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF","json":"https://pith.science/pith/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/QUY4ZIUS"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/QUY4ZIUS","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1205.4761&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/QUY4ZIUSQOAD2L2DVF62SPMQFF/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:57:24.750001+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:57:24.750001+00:00"}