{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW","short_pith_number":"pith:QXNFFT64","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.03470","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-03-06T19:52:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"eac2bd701ca7b32b2938f8195987adbf3b87b10bd7d1602c574277b46d97627d","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a96f0ef346fe1bed9d47717162207ebc05f74927b31d4743d9d69e07bec174b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"85da52cfdcaf7c8362ec423439f27a1d90f2c047f9f1d9ad5c6652b42319ee73","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2303.03470","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.03470","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.03470v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.03470","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QXNFFT64V56I","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QXNFFT64V56IGYXM","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QXNFFT64","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.03470","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-03-06T19:52:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"eac2bd701ca7b32b2938f8195987adbf3b87b10bd7d1602c574277b46d97627d","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a96f0ef346fe1bed9d47717162207ebc05f74927b31d4743d9d69e07bec174b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"85da52cfdcaf7c8362ec423439f27a1d90f2c047f9f1d9ad5c6652b42319ee73","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50.826848Z","signature_b64":"uw2qS6kuHyzzMuqW47IAX9/a7J9wvhR9bnOl4jYim9akT+GMekmTXbe+lg6dOjXgpKWhZXGDNbw6IPoRGH/HCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"85da52cfdcaf7c8362ec423439f27a1d90f2c047f9f1d9ad5c6652b42319ee73","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50.826407Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50.826407Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2303.03470","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"aIGapu29x0mFw2Erfwbpyrnp7qE9zoDI2EdW8HjIYAKajPdEqdCMGVI83oOlPjb4ewyJPBfoAM8cpp3PSaSoCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T15:37:49.787200Z"},"content_sha256":"2a3cc597458f9f49507964a24d00d71a13aa3add693c1ef49ca4f97bcc9c693a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2a3cc597458f9f49507964a24d00d71a13aa3add693c1ef49ca4f97bcc9c693a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"What Would Trojans Do? Exploiting Partial-Information Vulnerabilities in Autonomous Vehicle Sensing","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Michael Reiter, Miroslav Pajic, Qingzhao Zhang, R. Spencer Hallyburton, Z. Morley Mao","submitted_at":"2023-03-06T19:52:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"Safety-critical sensors in autonomous vehicles (AVs) form an essential part of the vehicle's trusted computing base (TCB), yet they are highly susceptible to attacks. Alarmingly, Tier 1 manufacturers have already exposed vulnerabilities to attacks introducing Trojans that can stealthily alter sensor outputs. We analyze the feasible capability and safety-critical outcomes of an attack on sensing at a cyber level. To further address these threats, we design realistic attacks in AV simulators and real-world datasets under two practical constraints: attackers (1) possess only partial information a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.03470","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2303.03470/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eSqctmTjF6HsEiitjioPf52A27KDVS6lJnhfPIdOrlT+6uOagOAPugB+69COllAqWEWv38NPoHQumPAJJtJWCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T15:37:49.788125Z"},"content_sha256":"0d56baeb6ca1f2751df9b5beee2c5a729eb294882de779d2924f05354c3a06fb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0d56baeb6ca1f2751df9b5beee2c5a729eb294882de779d2924f05354c3a06fb"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T15:37:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:QXNFFT64V56IGYXMII2DT4T2DW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a96f0ef346fe1bed9d47717162207ebc05f74927b31d4743d9d69e07bec174b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-03-06T19:52:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"eac2bd701ca7b32b2938f8195987adbf3b87b10bd7d1602c574277b46d97627d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.03470","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.03470","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.03470v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.03470","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QXNFFT64V56I","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QXNFFT64V56IGYXM","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QXNFFT64","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0d56baeb6ca1f2751df9b5beee2c5a729eb294882de779d2924f05354c3a06fb","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2303.03470/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Safety-critical sensors in autonomous vehicles (AVs) form an essential part of the vehicle's trusted computing base (TCB), yet they are highly susceptible to attacks. Alarmingly, Tier 1 manufacturers have already exposed vulnerabilities to attacks introducing Trojans that can stealthily alter sensor outputs. We analyze the feasible capability and safety-critical outcomes of an attack on sensing at a cyber level. To further address these threats, we design realistic attacks in AV simulators and real-world datasets under two practical constraints: attackers (1) possess only partial information a","authors_text":"Michael Reiter, Miroslav Pajic, Qingzhao Zhang, R. Spencer Hallyburton, Z. Morley Mao","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-03-06T19:52:41Z","title":"What Would Trojans Do? Exploiting Partial-Information Vulnerabilities in Autonomous Vehicle Sensing"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.03470","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2a3cc597458f9f49507964a24d00d71a13aa3add693c1ef49ca4f97bcc9c693a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a96f0ef346fe1bed9d47717162207ebc05f74927b31d4743d9d69e07bec174b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2023-03-06T19:52:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"eac2bd701ca7b32b2938f8195987adbf3b87b10bd7d1602c574277b46d97627d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.03470","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"85da52cfdcaf7c8362ec423439f27a1d90f2c047f9f1d9ad5c6652b42319ee73","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"85da52cfdcaf7c8362ec423439f27a1d90f2c047f9f1d9ad5c6652b42319ee73","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50.826407Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50.826407Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"uw2qS6kuHyzzMuqW47IAX9/a7J9wvhR9bnOl4jYim9akT+GMekmTXbe+lg6dOjXgpKWhZXGDNbw6IPoRGH/HCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:30:50.826848Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2303.03470","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2a3cc597458f9f49507964a24d00d71a13aa3add693c1ef49ca4f97bcc9c693a","sha256:0d56baeb6ca1f2751df9b5beee2c5a729eb294882de779d2924f05354c3a06fb"],"state_sha256":"9c1df52d18bc0eaa4aba43a2071743bfad8b50146b36012769328471c671ddee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fwrQvlddyKAu9C3rPEECQVPdWewoa9nW6FQ2/CpVhjptGXy2JlvknTi0ZjDLwxjehAoitnHppQr7wNNPm3hYAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T15:37:49.794308Z","bundle_sha256":"976d2ee9a83a461cb6a5784be4d89e56d643d4f6ab0104a63c4c19f2a78e3856"}}