{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD","short_pith_number":"pith:R2IIWNDZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1501.07407","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-01-29T10:33:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"5f6c745499e061299b37fcd61e25dce47678dc9bdbbbb266cbd2a2c9b66461d9","abstract_canon_sha256":"6346b0fc9303025fddc0b89793ba80b3a76ac4954ee9a7aad97e31b3c02ae2b3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8e908b34794e8342ed4618a50345a248e6783cf24522270356e412d94a412323","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1501.07407","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1501.07407","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1501.07407v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1501.07407","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R2IIWNDZJ2BU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R2IIWNDZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1501.07407","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-01-29T10:33:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"5f6c745499e061299b37fcd61e25dce47678dc9bdbbbb266cbd2a2c9b66461d9","abstract_canon_sha256":"6346b0fc9303025fddc0b89793ba80b3a76ac4954ee9a7aad97e31b3c02ae2b3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8e908b34794e8342ed4618a50345a248e6783cf24522270356e412d94a412323","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05.917718Z","signature_b64":"ShTi9ZjJfQ49ycFkABw0vB940O3OLba2t8bC48xUID0vWGeT3X+5eKv/+TP3jEfLPPucBcROOcGEVxltYdgBBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8e908b34794e8342ed4618a50345a248e6783cf24522270356e412d94a412323","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05.917051Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05.917051Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1501.07407","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VcXkKpVPnHOXjvfqfptP6xVgXys7ANzcMiUEGjllKWZGWE9yoxO0wNm2lbpnirHjwNal3K2kCryOvfniXWD5BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T01:30:44.143285Z"},"content_sha256":"9be388028f8c4438e3426252849155aa2cab6b6aef05d348e000e7c9653da417","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9be388028f8c4438e3426252849155aa2cab6b6aef05d348e000e7c9653da417"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A combined radio and GeV gamma-ray view of the 2012 and 2013 flares of Mrk 421","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"A. C. S. Readhead, A. L\\\"ahteenm\\\"aki, B. Lott, D. Giannios, J. L. Richards, K. Wiik, M. Balokovi\\'c, M. Petropoulou, T. Hovatta, V. Ramakrishnan, W. Max-Moerbeck","submitted_at":"2015-01-29T10:33:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"In 2012 Markarian 421 underwent the largest flare ever observed in this blazar at radio frequencies. In the present study, we start exploring this unique event and compare it to a less extreme event in 2013. We use 15 GHz radio data obtained with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory 40-m telescope, 95 GHz millimeter data from the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-Wave Astronomy, and GeV gamma-ray data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The radio light curves during the flaring periods in 2012 and 2013 have very different appearances, both in shape and peak flux density. Assuming t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1501.07407","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RrffCw4wzcOaF1BumhqORQSiB7TbdQmFVL5J95ki77VidQp7FCizGl+SSuzdo3BOVi3hNh9uj3BrCWtfGszACQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T01:30:44.143981Z"},"content_sha256":"f479092a071c3e8dca48fa55154a97533737866f8486ad08e9a5514609e346a8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f479092a071c3e8dca48fa55154a97533737866f8486ad08e9a5514609e346a8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-19T01:30:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KGDCSQGRNCJD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6346b0fc9303025fddc0b89793ba80b3a76ac4954ee9a7aad97e31b3c02ae2b3","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-01-29T10:33:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"5f6c745499e061299b37fcd61e25dce47678dc9bdbbbb266cbd2a2c9b66461d9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1501.07407","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1501.07407","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1501.07407v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1501.07407","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R2IIWNDZJ2BU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R2IIWNDZJ2BUF3KG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R2IIWNDZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f479092a071c3e8dca48fa55154a97533737866f8486ad08e9a5514609e346a8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In 2012 Markarian 421 underwent the largest flare ever observed in this blazar at radio frequencies. In the present study, we start exploring this unique event and compare it to a less extreme event in 2013. We use 15 GHz radio data obtained with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory 40-m telescope, 95 GHz millimeter data from the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-Wave Astronomy, and GeV gamma-ray data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The radio light curves during the flaring periods in 2012 and 2013 have very different appearances, both in shape and peak flux density. Assuming t","authors_text":"A. C. S. Readhead, A. L\\\"ahteenm\\\"aki, B. Lott, D. Giannios, J. L. Richards, K. Wiik, M. Balokovi\\'c, M. Petropoulou, T. Hovatta, V. Ramakrishnan, W. Max-Moerbeck","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-01-29T10:33:50Z","title":"A combined radio and GeV gamma-ray view of the 2012 and 2013 flares of Mrk 421"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1501.07407","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9be388028f8c4438e3426252849155aa2cab6b6aef05d348e000e7c9653da417","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6346b0fc9303025fddc0b89793ba80b3a76ac4954ee9a7aad97e31b3c02ae2b3","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-01-29T10:33:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"5f6c745499e061299b37fcd61e25dce47678dc9bdbbbb266cbd2a2c9b66461d9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1501.07407","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"8e908b34794e8342ed4618a50345a248e6783cf24522270356e412d94a412323","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8e908b34794e8342ed4618a50345a248e6783cf24522270356e412d94a412323","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05.917051Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05.917051Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ShTi9ZjJfQ49ycFkABw0vB940O3OLba2t8bC48xUID0vWGeT3X+5eKv/+TP3jEfLPPucBcROOcGEVxltYdgBBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:41:05.917718Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1501.07407","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9be388028f8c4438e3426252849155aa2cab6b6aef05d348e000e7c9653da417","sha256:f479092a071c3e8dca48fa55154a97533737866f8486ad08e9a5514609e346a8"],"state_sha256":"9881ee683ebd95be11ba0cf317bec3a8324a118630d7a578659dba89a6c8a219"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eaTm5023/UievEnlt8yVBB6oC/fDZ8KffJb36EwHA3U0lZ1O4lvB0hV//JB2cxDeSQvJ9VnYdVgkS+ULYojLAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T01:30:44.146143Z","bundle_sha256":"0d081afa5ddccef2228aa2b5ffdaaddfedd07f0c0cb639ac4fd727f7c385645a"}}