{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV","short_pith_number":"pith:R3IQ3H4P","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2607.09391","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T13:15:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0680b57f9681fbe06c2656f488e01d6f8da963785a08e2c99333f49479bc20ef","abstract_canon_sha256":"afe0bc23b0873839c88715c4be5fb535aa93b02c60db459d30f702812cd9b834"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8ed10d9f8fc4e09c877c7e2666bd6e35568af6352e8b6819d69bc16dafbdc552","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2607.09391","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2607.09391","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2607.09391v1","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2607.09391","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R3IQ3H4PYTQJ","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R3IQ3H4P","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2607.09391","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T13:15:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0680b57f9681fbe06c2656f488e01d6f8da963785a08e2c99333f49479bc20ef","abstract_canon_sha256":"afe0bc23b0873839c88715c4be5fb535aa93b02c60db459d30f702812cd9b834"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8ed10d9f8fc4e09c877c7e2666bd6e35568af6352e8b6819d69bc16dafbdc552","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09.318114Z","signature_b64":"lc4P7uK15MNg71NZXe9ILYoCMEvwHUbYYesRwPhDSHEUVoeNFdfzLESZMszA5BbCdsxY9lCWJR5Dv+qvIYpsDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8ed10d9f8fc4e09c877c7e2666bd6e35568af6352e8b6819d69bc16dafbdc552","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09.317093Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09.317093Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2607.09391","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sTGtRpn2xu9eLrRH4JgplDCayPatEMBdwU1bLGWARBsYX4u5CEw1X3+UVVZ/YFiD4s+7A497Cxuns5IAL5NrDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T12:33:05.182190Z"},"content_sha256":"b4f4c7ef9e6a62b4f7154ec00866b926fda0accb164e981b78ac2d512b128e11","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b4f4c7ef9e6a62b4f7154ec00866b926fda0accb164e981b78ac2d512b128e11"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Federated Learning Architecture: Data Privacy and System Security Approaches","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Ahmet Yasin Ertug, Busra Buyuktanir, Cagdas Karatas, Gozde Karatas Baydogmus, Hibanur Karadogan, Kazim Yildiz","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T13:15:06Z","abstract_excerpt":"This study explores the integration of homomorphic encryption and differential privacy techniques to enhance data privacy and security in Federated Learning (FL) systems. FL allows data to remain on local devices, eliminating the need for centralized data collection; however, sensitive information may still be leaked during model updates. To address this issue, homomorphic encryption enables computations on encrypted data, while differential privacy prevents the extraction of individual information through statistical techniques applied to model outputs. The proposed architecture was tested on"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2607.09391","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2607.09391/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nxaMXqVZzO6/tZA4Fr7NrIa5XP1AFK3qjhmJ9HkT+qGryKApky+JYZcgT6el2aixbv45ai1V2I9JvL7S1E+IBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T12:33:05.182704Z"},"content_sha256":"40c51948422a3e5c02f0f820939e84bdc292007384e558f8490d612cb9c22da0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:40c51948422a3e5c02f0f820939e84bdc292007384e558f8490d612cb9c22da0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T12:33:05Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34PYTGNPLOGV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"afe0bc23b0873839c88715c4be5fb535aa93b02c60db459d30f702812cd9b834","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T13:15:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"0680b57f9681fbe06c2656f488e01d6f8da963785a08e2c99333f49479bc20ef"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2607.09391","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2607.09391","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2607.09391v1","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2607.09391","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R3IQ3H4PYTQJ","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R3IQ3H4PYTQJZB34","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R3IQ3H4P","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:40c51948422a3e5c02f0f820939e84bdc292007384e558f8490d612cb9c22da0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2607.09391/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This study explores the integration of homomorphic encryption and differential privacy techniques to enhance data privacy and security in Federated Learning (FL) systems. FL allows data to remain on local devices, eliminating the need for centralized data collection; however, sensitive information may still be leaked during model updates. To address this issue, homomorphic encryption enables computations on encrypted data, while differential privacy prevents the extraction of individual information through statistical techniques applied to model outputs. The proposed architecture was tested on","authors_text":"Ahmet Yasin Ertug, Busra Buyuktanir, Cagdas Karatas, Gozde Karatas Baydogmus, Hibanur Karadogan, Kazim Yildiz","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T13:15:06Z","title":"Federated Learning Architecture: Data Privacy and System Security Approaches"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2607.09391","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b4f4c7ef9e6a62b4f7154ec00866b926fda0accb164e981b78ac2d512b128e11","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"afe0bc23b0873839c88715c4be5fb535aa93b02c60db459d30f702812cd9b834","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2026-07-10T13:15:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"0680b57f9681fbe06c2656f488e01d6f8da963785a08e2c99333f49479bc20ef"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2607.09391","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8ed10d9f8fc4e09c877c7e2666bd6e35568af6352e8b6819d69bc16dafbdc552","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8ed10d9f8fc4e09c877c7e2666bd6e35568af6352e8b6819d69bc16dafbdc552","first_computed_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09.317093Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09.317093Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lc4P7uK15MNg71NZXe9ILYoCMEvwHUbYYesRwPhDSHEUVoeNFdfzLESZMszA5BbCdsxY9lCWJR5Dv+qvIYpsDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-13T01:19:09.318114Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2607.09391","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b4f4c7ef9e6a62b4f7154ec00866b926fda0accb164e981b78ac2d512b128e11","sha256:40c51948422a3e5c02f0f820939e84bdc292007384e558f8490d612cb9c22da0"],"state_sha256":"2a39b8955a00ac05bff74293bfc692d960a1c1e0a861865ebfdb3b4a93f2e89f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6semV8UHyudFKwRnuJc4qtEYBbxKVLU1FhTWyqaIIrrgxBdOW35N0OqtcSxOw3IyuxgUqThjooFj1UA1yA5GCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T12:33:05.188554Z","bundle_sha256":"a4b88a95326208db32e2accb33a667d30720a8e97dd3cf53fd1c0e1faaae59fa"}}