{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD","short_pith_number":"pith:R42ARJ3Q","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.2651","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2011-11-11T02:56:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7bf3fec70835131cbe3d60411ec408a7e9502334cbdb75393b1da135cb805b8f","abstract_canon_sha256":"bc834ea4ca4a973e9d05d9173f139b989201fb670da1e08bd5cac9ba5b8db0be"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8f3408a77034dbaa7d6611445c5266b8f0224f07fb4ce0b3e2b8af1052f94f93","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1111.2651","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.2651","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.2651v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.2651","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R42ARJ3QGTN2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R42ARJ3Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.2651","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2011-11-11T02:56:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7bf3fec70835131cbe3d60411ec408a7e9502334cbdb75393b1da135cb805b8f","abstract_canon_sha256":"bc834ea4ca4a973e9d05d9173f139b989201fb670da1e08bd5cac9ba5b8db0be"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8f3408a77034dbaa7d6611445c5266b8f0224f07fb4ce0b3e2b8af1052f94f93","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33.064044Z","signature_b64":"PrGTytYp1C9LmQREDK0ixZ5Hek5mz5OF3XUdU8QpcsbgWDhNd2XMfE3vV3GvB7E/8bMTEFdYrvuq0XNMW5eHAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8f3408a77034dbaa7d6611445c5266b8f0224f07fb4ce0b3e2b8af1052f94f93","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33.063012Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33.063012Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1111.2651","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Qe/hW5Mn31/wAX8FY/3st7RoZ2/XiXVuSwJqrBj/HjwMd9AnZ3KmdvwqL2Olno6ePqceL8+M31h2TJ0QOxsuDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T11:35:04.212081Z"},"content_sha256":"a029b714441a71df00a684a78f6cc4306a382cf338669d337d0fd1a3a0f9fe64","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a029b714441a71df00a684a78f6cc4306a382cf338669d337d0fd1a3a0f9fe64"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Value, Variety and Viability: Designing For Co-creation in a Complex System of Direct and Indirect (goods) Service Value Proposition","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SY","authors_text":"Gerard Briscoe, Irene Ng","submitted_at":"2011-11-11T02:56:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"While service-dominant logic proposes that all \"Goods are a distribution mechanism for service provision\" (FP3), there is a need to understand when and why a firm would utilise direct or indirect (goods) service provision, and the interactions between them, to co-create value with the customer. Three longitudinal case studies in B2B equipment-based 'complex service' systems were analysed to gain an understanding of customers' co-creation activities to achieve outcomes. We found the nature of value, degree of contextual variety and the firm's legacy viability to be viability threats. To counter"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.2651","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2C7GYxAoqDlwA4g5reH56XFJ9AU0RaXKbzhr19fQ5vKNHHB6okGhgfKTKe3vLRTRDBYnrqwK4Wf6f+7rgcT6BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T11:35:04.212668Z"},"content_sha256":"225c3a2f6d8f11324b0c4362fa62c7d107982c31b77a12913d85dae2bab3be74","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:225c3a2f6d8f11324b0c4362fa62c7d107982c31b77a12913d85dae2bab3be74"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-24T11:35:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LGCFCFYUTGXD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bc834ea4ca4a973e9d05d9173f139b989201fb670da1e08bd5cac9ba5b8db0be","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2011-11-11T02:56:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"7bf3fec70835131cbe3d60411ec408a7e9502334cbdb75393b1da135cb805b8f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.2651","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.2651","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.2651v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.2651","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R42ARJ3QGTN2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R42ARJ3QGTN2U7LG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R42ARJ3Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:225c3a2f6d8f11324b0c4362fa62c7d107982c31b77a12913d85dae2bab3be74","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"While service-dominant logic proposes that all \"Goods are a distribution mechanism for service provision\" (FP3), there is a need to understand when and why a firm would utilise direct or indirect (goods) service provision, and the interactions between them, to co-create value with the customer. Three longitudinal case studies in B2B equipment-based 'complex service' systems were analysed to gain an understanding of customers' co-creation activities to achieve outcomes. We found the nature of value, degree of contextual variety and the firm's legacy viability to be viability threats. To counter","authors_text":"Gerard Briscoe, Irene Ng","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2011-11-11T02:56:16Z","title":"Value, Variety and Viability: Designing For Co-creation in a Complex System of Direct and Indirect (goods) Service Value Proposition"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.2651","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a029b714441a71df00a684a78f6cc4306a382cf338669d337d0fd1a3a0f9fe64","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bc834ea4ca4a973e9d05d9173f139b989201fb670da1e08bd5cac9ba5b8db0be","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2011-11-11T02:56:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"7bf3fec70835131cbe3d60411ec408a7e9502334cbdb75393b1da135cb805b8f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.2651","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8f3408a77034dbaa7d6611445c5266b8f0224f07fb4ce0b3e2b8af1052f94f93","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8f3408a77034dbaa7d6611445c5266b8f0224f07fb4ce0b3e2b8af1052f94f93","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33.063012Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33.063012Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"PrGTytYp1C9LmQREDK0ixZ5Hek5mz5OF3XUdU8QpcsbgWDhNd2XMfE3vV3GvB7E/8bMTEFdYrvuq0XNMW5eHAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:33.064044Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1111.2651","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a029b714441a71df00a684a78f6cc4306a382cf338669d337d0fd1a3a0f9fe64","sha256:225c3a2f6d8f11324b0c4362fa62c7d107982c31b77a12913d85dae2bab3be74"],"state_sha256":"b97698835c5eb99c840c4ed3c412bb09171014e290d9d8d9d0b161308b3791bf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AtAOStToR7DEVqKsNTnNmKcLV5gmeQDYFPAp+NO4qNHSXq1RdU8kFRxheQN7sfyjhBRS0R3sKOJ+/qHwCkeoAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T11:35:04.215261Z","bundle_sha256":"e4eac5be00d93915bd1cef01d2bc4f655805ffefb6589ac354efd4c5430c9294"}}