{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA","short_pith_number":"pith:R453QNGU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.06314","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-23T22:03:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.data-an"],"title_canon_sha256":"420397656d25f721770ca598a926b70502dd372ce1f599ddd297a1d248745ed0","abstract_canon_sha256":"514d84d3fef2b186db33ea3d3a927a46c2b74507c0042262a01a97863f2297e6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8f3bb834d4c3cd71fccc996cfbed723810b899c8c6278380ef865714e46ebdd4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1601.06314","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.06314","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.06314v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.06314","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R453QNGUYPGX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R453QNGUYPGXD7GM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R453QNGU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.06314","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-23T22:03:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.data-an"],"title_canon_sha256":"420397656d25f721770ca598a926b70502dd372ce1f599ddd297a1d248745ed0","abstract_canon_sha256":"514d84d3fef2b186db33ea3d3a927a46c2b74507c0042262a01a97863f2297e6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8f3bb834d4c3cd71fccc996cfbed723810b899c8c6278380ef865714e46ebdd4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02.268069Z","signature_b64":"ty/iwU/ncQySzSTfTDyyRSJBDz+KLw96twAHHVGmHWOMbx4qQfJ74AGO3QkUTaFgN0D+jCszc0+WDk02vX3SBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8f3bb834d4c3cd71fccc996cfbed723810b899c8c6278380ef865714e46ebdd4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02.267220Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02.267220Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1601.06314","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XYi7MycSkcmytdMexXucXz4jTmZR+Zi59bubO6AJK/A0dlZjuKv2Z7HOUebjoKihBYx7ltnj1C/6QDmtYKKrBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T04:16:33.277670Z"},"content_sha256":"86a3cd91be5b4a4e5585087050223bc29f65c57afc9217df7cf761cb5413c3fd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:86a3cd91be5b4a4e5585087050223bc29f65c57afc9217df7cf761cb5413c3fd"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How visas shape and make visible the geopolitical architecture of the planet","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.data-an"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"G. R. Jafari, Marcel Ausloos, Meghdad Saeedian, S. Vasheghani Farahani, Tayeb Jamali","submitted_at":"2016-01-23T22:03:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"The aim of the present study is to provide a picture for geopolitical globalization: the role of all world countries together with their contribution towards globalization is highlighted. In the context of the present study, every country owes its efficiency and therefore its contribution towards structuring the world by the position it holds in a complex global network. The location in which a country is positioned on the network is shown to provide a measure of its \"contribution\" and \"importance\". As a matter of fact, the visa status conditions between countries reflect their contribution to"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.06314","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qxig7K9A/udG/xz4INgYfVh/dSLKbMw7zIykA8lg9QYyTaRmxewsRsd+9UN3VE/kZtbgblxwIEPv9AYM18ZOBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T04:16:33.278039Z"},"content_sha256":"d17d80be2bb6cebb567f8e3d2290cf0bd96d6cb1478667da8c78215dbd224c6a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d17d80be2bb6cebb567f8e3d2290cf0bd96d6cb1478667da8c78215dbd224c6a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T04:16:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:R453QNGUYPGXD7GMTFWPX3LSHA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"514d84d3fef2b186db33ea3d3a927a46c2b74507c0042262a01a97863f2297e6","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.data-an"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-23T22:03:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"420397656d25f721770ca598a926b70502dd372ce1f599ddd297a1d248745ed0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.06314","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.06314","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.06314v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.06314","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R453QNGUYPGX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R453QNGUYPGXD7GM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R453QNGU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d17d80be2bb6cebb567f8e3d2290cf0bd96d6cb1478667da8c78215dbd224c6a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The aim of the present study is to provide a picture for geopolitical globalization: the role of all world countries together with their contribution towards globalization is highlighted. In the context of the present study, every country owes its efficiency and therefore its contribution towards structuring the world by the position it holds in a complex global network. The location in which a country is positioned on the network is shown to provide a measure of its \"contribution\" and \"importance\". As a matter of fact, the visa status conditions between countries reflect their contribution to","authors_text":"G. R. Jafari, Marcel Ausloos, Meghdad Saeedian, S. Vasheghani Farahani, Tayeb Jamali","cross_cats":["physics.data-an"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-23T22:03:11Z","title":"How visas shape and make visible the geopolitical architecture of the planet"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.06314","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:86a3cd91be5b4a4e5585087050223bc29f65c57afc9217df7cf761cb5413c3fd","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"514d84d3fef2b186db33ea3d3a927a46c2b74507c0042262a01a97863f2297e6","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.data-an"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-23T22:03:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"420397656d25f721770ca598a926b70502dd372ce1f599ddd297a1d248745ed0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.06314","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8f3bb834d4c3cd71fccc996cfbed723810b899c8c6278380ef865714e46ebdd4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8f3bb834d4c3cd71fccc996cfbed723810b899c8c6278380ef865714e46ebdd4","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02.267220Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02.267220Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ty/iwU/ncQySzSTfTDyyRSJBDz+KLw96twAHHVGmHWOMbx4qQfJ74AGO3QkUTaFgN0D+jCszc0+WDk02vX3SBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:02.268069Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1601.06314","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:86a3cd91be5b4a4e5585087050223bc29f65c57afc9217df7cf761cb5413c3fd","sha256:d17d80be2bb6cebb567f8e3d2290cf0bd96d6cb1478667da8c78215dbd224c6a"],"state_sha256":"7dd9ba30b134ae9bd07387604030ba87086c20cb59cc7f77d16ed69f9ca5937c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"v5/1ewO9Oy8QN8mbBnugSyiekOnIKdnLGwcf/925XlOLMh14lD9NZ/Dp12M2IsmY/N0eU5dRCgQT34bp778ZDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T04:16:33.279984Z","bundle_sha256":"ef17ea981eca9eb4cf794e774fa65d3458e713a783887e8179a9b87fbe4298b2"}}