{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2000:R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6","short_pith_number":"pith:R4KZHLEJ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"physics/0005032","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2000-05-11T18:32:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"58b0aa183e4dff11dddfca38f224df3ef68d63326851a16ba078e2c33e809501","abstract_canon_sha256":"462c224e13bf7b7c4d90de3fc457c7e661afa926509152318fa13a4bcf6efe73"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8f1593ac89f4d4f307dfb0284572cdb7ae683bf386d2d8f8afe567074d6d9bfb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"physics/0005032","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"physics/0005032","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"physics/0005032v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.physics/0005032","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R4KZHLEJ6TKP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R4KZHLEJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2000:R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"physics/0005032","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2000-05-11T18:32:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"58b0aa183e4dff11dddfca38f224df3ef68d63326851a16ba078e2c33e809501","abstract_canon_sha256":"462c224e13bf7b7c4d90de3fc457c7e661afa926509152318fa13a4bcf6efe73"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8f1593ac89f4d4f307dfb0284572cdb7ae683bf386d2d8f8afe567074d6d9bfb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07.766000Z","signature_b64":"xd73R9fEjyZeizdMkEicK/Fwl0AdnuA5tM9BcCeMpX6Cn1VQKJLXA76AbYjI4nYeqvgOWecth01yrl0+dvpvDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8f1593ac89f4d4f307dfb0284572cdb7ae683bf386d2d8f8afe567074d6d9bfb","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07.765589Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07.765589Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"physics/0005032","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HLcuSYODYqVBjaOpqtiud/Y4lPGpLfXDBFYtFeRaeEzmVFrOZIg8AYQhpb/DjOKhsKMRGmZw2ChPgUBQbFlCAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T06:26:39.532181Z"},"content_sha256":"0567c5d8c0e8a1ac6e51cf4f0eef82f34cb8b684b5ba6aff360b6d457ffee67a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0567c5d8c0e8a1ac6e51cf4f0eef82f34cb8b684b5ba6aff360b6d457ffee67a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2000:R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Localized Beampipe Heating due to $e^-$ Capture and Nuclear Excitation in Heavy Ion Colliders","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["nucl-ex"],"primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","authors_text":"Spencer R. Klein","submitted_at":"2000-05-11T18:32:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"At heavy ion colliders, two major sources of beam loss are expected to be $e^+e^-$ production, where the $e^-$ is bound to one of the nuclei, and photonuclear excitation and decay via neutron emission. Both processes alter the ions charged to mass ratio by well defined amounts, creating beams of particles with altered magnetic rigidity. These beams will deposit their energy in a localized region of the accelerator, causing localized heating, The size of the target region depends on the collider optics. For medium and heavy ions, at design luminosity at the Large Hadron Collider, local heating "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"physics/0005032","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zakJQ3NPyukDgNQtEq0E3Z0KNw7p6lA0gvCWJ/TrAdcyhjb8QX3vCgVP+ZePQWETrYn9D062zNoQe8D+hMKGDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T06:26:39.532681Z"},"content_sha256":"0ad16e453b0421cb3b94dda3caabf9956ad7bece66271109e815fb8fb6329b3c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0ad16e453b0421cb3b94dda3caabf9956ad7bece66271109e815fb8fb6329b3c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-15T06:26:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2000:R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67WAUEK4WNW6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"462c224e13bf7b7c4d90de3fc457c7e661afa926509152318fa13a4bcf6efe73","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-ex"],"license":"","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2000-05-11T18:32:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"58b0aa183e4dff11dddfca38f224df3ef68d63326851a16ba078e2c33e809501"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"physics/0005032","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"physics/0005032","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"physics/0005032v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.physics/0005032","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R4KZHLEJ6TKP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R4KZHLEJ6TKPGB67","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R4KZHLEJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0ad16e453b0421cb3b94dda3caabf9956ad7bece66271109e815fb8fb6329b3c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"At heavy ion colliders, two major sources of beam loss are expected to be $e^+e^-$ production, where the $e^-$ is bound to one of the nuclei, and photonuclear excitation and decay via neutron emission. Both processes alter the ions charged to mass ratio by well defined amounts, creating beams of particles with altered magnetic rigidity. These beams will deposit their energy in a localized region of the accelerator, causing localized heating, The size of the target region depends on the collider optics. For medium and heavy ions, at design luminosity at the Large Hadron Collider, local heating ","authors_text":"Spencer R. Klein","cross_cats":["nucl-ex"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2000-05-11T18:32:48Z","title":"Localized Beampipe Heating due to $e^-$ Capture and Nuclear Excitation in Heavy Ion Colliders"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"physics/0005032","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0567c5d8c0e8a1ac6e51cf4f0eef82f34cb8b684b5ba6aff360b6d457ffee67a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"462c224e13bf7b7c4d90de3fc457c7e661afa926509152318fa13a4bcf6efe73","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-ex"],"license":"","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2000-05-11T18:32:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"58b0aa183e4dff11dddfca38f224df3ef68d63326851a16ba078e2c33e809501"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"physics/0005032","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"8f1593ac89f4d4f307dfb0284572cdb7ae683bf386d2d8f8afe567074d6d9bfb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8f1593ac89f4d4f307dfb0284572cdb7ae683bf386d2d8f8afe567074d6d9bfb","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07.765589Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07.765589Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"xd73R9fEjyZeizdMkEicK/Fwl0AdnuA5tM9BcCeMpX6Cn1VQKJLXA76AbYjI4nYeqvgOWecth01yrl0+dvpvDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:35:07.766000Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"physics/0005032","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0567c5d8c0e8a1ac6e51cf4f0eef82f34cb8b684b5ba6aff360b6d457ffee67a","sha256:0ad16e453b0421cb3b94dda3caabf9956ad7bece66271109e815fb8fb6329b3c"],"state_sha256":"d7c19f46b90877416cae74ccad53e9a58b8a71cd321fa2cc53c650b0410cdcc7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eny+fjrAJdOGMKNct5bxO8KG/9Qp7uuCH2juSC60++GP44wHNr8Js20tjebpOcD7Dot2VLjbqAiI+Vqd1jz1AA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T06:26:39.536737Z","bundle_sha256":"e32dc40a3da0298145fb1fb4f6238e3217ff9ca271fa98419c9933766774323a"}}