{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2018:R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45","short_pith_number":"pith:R5RDYWN7","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"8f623c59bf314c688894b5a2db4933e74725dfda1b526492f65fac358c5580b0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1812.01820","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Formation of carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars as a consequence of inhomogeneous metal mixing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Naoki Yoshida, Tilman Hartwig","submitted_at":"2018-12-05T05:25:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a novel scenario for the formation of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars. Carbon enhancement at low stellar metallicities is usually considered a consequence of faint or other exotic supernovae. An analytical estimate of cooling times in low-metallicity gas demonstrates a natural bias, which favours the formation of CEMP stars as a consequence of inhomogeneous metal mixing: carbon-rich gas has a shorter cooling time and can form stars prior to a potential nearby pocket of carbon-normal gas, in which star formation is then suppressed due to energetic photons from the carbon-enha"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.01820","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-12-05T05:25:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"a186b24cc95442869fac4d0581ea56bafc984bd95fa2b3017cf45d36002a7c1c","abstract_canon_sha256":"8bd7afff4edc1f18ed76a6d22709e1862296a399c0c2c7f0fd3f63da2cb0aa87"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:44.726798Z","signature_b64":"+4QQk9ZELdCRvl0KUiU2Azj9KPAviMfGjXWMUWJ/wHDmIgvZgoWK28VZbp2MY7b2vwwRrwUEGKJHTIZtg/RVBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8f623c59bf314c688894b5a2db4933e74725dfda1b526492f65fac358c5580b0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:44.726303Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:44.726303Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Formation of carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars as a consequence of inhomogeneous metal mixing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Naoki Yoshida, Tilman Hartwig","submitted_at":"2018-12-05T05:25:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a novel scenario for the formation of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars. Carbon enhancement at low stellar metallicities is usually considered a consequence of faint or other exotic supernovae. An analytical estimate of cooling times in low-metallicity gas demonstrates a natural bias, which favours the formation of CEMP stars as a consequence of inhomogeneous metal mixing: carbon-rich gas has a shorter cooling time and can form stars prior to a potential nearby pocket of carbon-normal gas, in which star formation is then suppressed due to energetic photons from the carbon-enha"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.01820","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.01820","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:44.726393+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.01820v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:44.726393+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.01820","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:44.726393+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R5RDYWN7GFGG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50.500415+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50.500415+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R5RDYWN7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50.500415+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45","json":"https://pith.science/pith/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/R5RDYWN7"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/R5RDYWN7","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1812.01820&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/R5RDYWN7GFGGRCEUWWRNWSJT45/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:44.726393+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:44.726393+00:00"}