{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL","short_pith_number":"pith:R6BEONZV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1904.08364","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-04-17T17:03:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9f6c6e71597ef5b18f5b0bd59d1b85c5e2b7b1bf304ee0b60f23363dd4ffafb1","abstract_canon_sha256":"f561ce2f10c9859fc4063fb0022136bcbbe219fa1d366050f299e71bd9235a1b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8f8247373533fddd41bb0427006165b2c7ad864cb9ff4816306aa9b0fc850d93","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1904.08364","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1904.08364","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1904.08364v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1904.08364","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R6BEONZVGP65","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R6BEONZVGP652QN3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R6BEONZV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:27Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1904.08364","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-04-17T17:03:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9f6c6e71597ef5b18f5b0bd59d1b85c5e2b7b1bf304ee0b60f23363dd4ffafb1","abstract_canon_sha256":"f561ce2f10c9859fc4063fb0022136bcbbe219fa1d366050f299e71bd9235a1b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8f8247373533fddd41bb0427006165b2c7ad864cb9ff4816306aa9b0fc850d93","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14.336238Z","signature_b64":"Ix7DIdbKtxNZIu0AiWbr1NVgf29qK0/6jjjws1Y0o3D4GDQgUdotaMHv4qlzZZqAs29mLevckruhJ9izk2b3AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8f8247373533fddd41bb0427006165b2c7ad864cb9ff4816306aa9b0fc850d93","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14.335567Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14.335567Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1904.08364","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/pZRGCuAiLqOqv5inV4gKgR3xTBUc9GgQgacvnJnSXadU4re4R45P3+Uhe/J6IVVg4dpnkDweni+E1vu2N0vBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T15:35:28.513968Z"},"content_sha256":"eb182f97827080412e5cc94ee556bce8f424f684300a5226d539126317681c9a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:eb182f97827080412e5cc94ee556bce8f424f684300a5226d539126317681c9a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Aggregation Cross-Entropy for Sequence Recognition","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Lele Xie, Lianwen Jin, Yaoxiong Huang, Yuanzhi Zhu, Yuliang Liu, Zecheng Xie","submitted_at":"2019-04-17T17:03:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we propose a novel method, aggregation cross-entropy (ACE), for sequence recognition from a brand new perspective. The ACE loss function exhibits competitive performance to CTC and the attention mechanism, with much quicker implementation (as it involves only four fundamental formulas), faster inference\\back-propagation (approximately O(1) in parallel), less storage requirement (no parameter and negligible runtime memory), and convenient employment (by replacing CTC with ACE). Furthermore, the proposed ACE loss function exhibits two noteworthy properties: (1) it can be directly "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1904.08364","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BHkBzNozT004zP4PlJVpbiqYC4z7/MYgvpWRwPt98GQzsaQ/prI81+4s5oqbz2yi+fBX8ZrlvyNOtOIixN90DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T15:35:28.514638Z"},"content_sha256":"580c3c924806150c710b624580abf0df4be17298c69d101f7115ec4adea87a5c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:580c3c924806150c710b624580abf0df4be17298c69d101f7115ec4adea87a5c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T15:35:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:R6BEONZVGP652QN3AQTQAYLFWL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f561ce2f10c9859fc4063fb0022136bcbbe219fa1d366050f299e71bd9235a1b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-04-17T17:03:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f6c6e71597ef5b18f5b0bd59d1b85c5e2b7b1bf304ee0b60f23363dd4ffafb1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1904.08364","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1904.08364","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1904.08364v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1904.08364","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R6BEONZVGP65","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R6BEONZVGP652QN3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R6BEONZV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:27Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:580c3c924806150c710b624580abf0df4be17298c69d101f7115ec4adea87a5c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we propose a novel method, aggregation cross-entropy (ACE), for sequence recognition from a brand new perspective. The ACE loss function exhibits competitive performance to CTC and the attention mechanism, with much quicker implementation (as it involves only four fundamental formulas), faster inference\\back-propagation (approximately O(1) in parallel), less storage requirement (no parameter and negligible runtime memory), and convenient employment (by replacing CTC with ACE). Furthermore, the proposed ACE loss function exhibits two noteworthy properties: (1) it can be directly ","authors_text":"Lele Xie, Lianwen Jin, Yaoxiong Huang, Yuanzhi Zhu, Yuliang Liu, Zecheng Xie","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-04-17T17:03:48Z","title":"Aggregation Cross-Entropy for Sequence Recognition"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1904.08364","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:eb182f97827080412e5cc94ee556bce8f424f684300a5226d539126317681c9a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f561ce2f10c9859fc4063fb0022136bcbbe219fa1d366050f299e71bd9235a1b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-04-17T17:03:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f6c6e71597ef5b18f5b0bd59d1b85c5e2b7b1bf304ee0b60f23363dd4ffafb1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1904.08364","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"8f8247373533fddd41bb0427006165b2c7ad864cb9ff4816306aa9b0fc850d93","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8f8247373533fddd41bb0427006165b2c7ad864cb9ff4816306aa9b0fc850d93","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14.335567Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14.335567Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Ix7DIdbKtxNZIu0AiWbr1NVgf29qK0/6jjjws1Y0o3D4GDQgUdotaMHv4qlzZZqAs29mLevckruhJ9izk2b3AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:48:14.336238Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1904.08364","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:eb182f97827080412e5cc94ee556bce8f424f684300a5226d539126317681c9a","sha256:580c3c924806150c710b624580abf0df4be17298c69d101f7115ec4adea87a5c"],"state_sha256":"f98255c3f0cc9d2600698181538a8c1f8ca62f77e2c8982174b94d34e72e77e8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9qt+4VvD9KHhoX4aAptaxAqoxFd4aJ4qnz3f6yR/qH+KXPFk1HmNYt815YTl4cyazfbdLZvW/jbVU1LH7LsRCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T15:35:28.517986Z","bundle_sha256":"ae64f82a697f7292ec2cb60ebdbb29bd64e14b4a9dec74a1560e9998a075f820"}}