{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2020:R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK","short_pith_number":"pith:R7M2MS3T","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"8fd9a64b739ab6ddd0ea430792315b828e335e8a3df08d19b1e30d9fd0a1df32","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2001.08750","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Universal Polarimetric Signatures of the Black Hole Photon Ring","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Alexandru Lupsasca, Andrew Strominger, Elizabeth Himwich, Michael D. Johnson","submitted_at":"2020-01-23T19:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Black hole images present an annular region of enhanced brightness. In the absence of propagation effects, this \"photon ring\" has universal features that are completely governed by general relativity and independent of the details of the emission. Here, we show that the polarimetric image of a black hole also displays universal properties. In particular, the photon ring exhibits a self-similar pattern of polarization that encodes the black hole spin. We explore the corresponding universal polarimetric signatures of the photon ring on long interferometric baselines, and propose a method for mea"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2001.08750","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2020-01-23T19:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"53eadc9df1d71ee46c5e7edefe1a9a4e578378513a0148cec3e27de0b9361ab5","abstract_canon_sha256":"b3212ff7421775ed81f5d76b3cb37acb4d854285bd0a4c665ca793f87cba32c7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049800Z","signature_b64":"hJGW6alT+hNGndi86US+H06PZhdftrBN6WWW5bWk9kfYBhsA86y/8prpjGCGKhGooiJgp2biE4eOSPYYFeo1Cg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8fd9a64b739ab6ddd0ea430792315b828e335e8a3df08d19b1e30d9fd0a1df32","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049300Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049300Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Universal Polarimetric Signatures of the Black Hole Photon Ring","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Alexandru Lupsasca, Andrew Strominger, Elizabeth Himwich, Michael D. Johnson","submitted_at":"2020-01-23T19:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Black hole images present an annular region of enhanced brightness. In the absence of propagation effects, this \"photon ring\" has universal features that are completely governed by general relativity and independent of the details of the emission. Here, we show that the polarimetric image of a black hole also displays universal properties. In particular, the photon ring exhibits a self-similar pattern of polarization that encodes the black hole spin. We explore the corresponding universal polarimetric signatures of the photon ring on long interferometric baselines, and propose a method for mea"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2001.08750","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2001.08750/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2001.08750","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049387+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2001.08750v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049387+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2001.08750","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049387+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"R7M2MS3TTK3N","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049387+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049387+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"R7M2MS3T","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049387+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":3,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.20284","citing_title":"Constitutive birefringence and critical curves in the rotating Garc\\'ia--D\\'iaz black hole","ref_index":67,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.19229","citing_title":"Distinct Near-Horizon Trend of Synchrotron Polarization in Kerr Spacetime","ref_index":30,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2602.09102","citing_title":"Polarization Signatures of Inspiraling Hotspots around Kerr Black Holes","ref_index":33,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK","json":"https://pith.science/pith/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/R7M2MS3T"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/R7M2MS3T","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2001.08750&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/R7M2MS3TTK3N3UHKIMDZEMK3QK/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049387+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T00:55:09.049387+00:00"}