{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:RBFRK6YZXGWKQWG2MTPOEJSGH7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ade8af27f2015a2ca93162feb9d5daff75cf3dd139e3157b7fdb25f5081e0d60","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","cs.SE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-06-22T06:59:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"3274823dcfd93fadcd0188070f352ae2c3fd9ecfb229c2982de43958c86cce07"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2106.11570","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2106.11570","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2106.11570v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2106.11570","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RBFRK6YZXGWK","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RBFRK6YZXGWKQWG2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RBFRK6YZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:37cd8b3427f45733bf24f818d111cdde2cf43259be58564ad836fc88cb144bd4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2106.11570/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Federated learning is an emerging machine learning paradigm that enables multiple devices to train models locally and formulate a global model, without sharing the clients' local data. A federated learning system can be viewed as a large-scale distributed system, involving different components and stakeholders with diverse requirements and constraints. Hence, developing a federated learning system requires both software system design thinking and machine learning knowledge. Although much effort has been put into federated learning from the machine learning perspectives, our previous systematic","authors_text":"Hye-Young Paik, Liming Zhu, Qinghua Lu, Sin Kit Lo","cross_cats":["cs.DC","cs.SE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-06-22T06:59:19Z","title":"FLRA: A Reference Architecture for Federated Learning Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.11570","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3bf1544c265c170f4501f30905c54af912ad2cf13dd00116f5a31e7d56ae3072","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ade8af27f2015a2ca93162feb9d5daff75cf3dd139e3157b7fdb25f5081e0d60","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","cs.SE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-06-22T06:59:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"3274823dcfd93fadcd0188070f352ae2c3fd9ecfb229c2982de43958c86cce07"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2106.11570","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"884b157b19b9aca858da64dee226463fea8d2f0144bd4fcf9c8ac72d9a5f2d14","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"884b157b19b9aca858da64dee226463fea8d2f0144bd4fcf9c8ac72d9a5f2d14","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30.745881Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30.745881Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"KsrT8wRixstR9uMmVDQ5jt2mkl7K3ZZpvTBOmmb2A/oF85OcxOOIRJf4gDothU4i/+D5Er8q6Ex8x96A4ezJBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:51:30.746286Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2106.11570","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3bf1544c265c170f4501f30905c54af912ad2cf13dd00116f5a31e7d56ae3072","sha256:37cd8b3427f45733bf24f818d111cdde2cf43259be58564ad836fc88cb144bd4"],"state_sha256":"0043b62235002dc512925dcaf782a60c273c57d26d00d3a93a3224ef9ec83b67"}