{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH","short_pith_number":"pith:RDQSEQ2N","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1201.4616","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T00:10:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"4ba4f1bd3c7b006a506ce21ccc6877cfe9768b4c167dfe91ce90e3b56b5070af","abstract_canon_sha256":"e03a75ff5f6cb4b0e5c3daf04af88bc1586cd4adca5a7efa78a4c8b41066cc50"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"88e122434d7fc8ce50853fc08ae9de09fb31155c9daf69deed25c07d190b9faa","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1201.4616","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1201.4616","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1201.4616v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1201.4616","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RDQSEQ2NP7EM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RDQSEQ2N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1201.4616","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T00:10:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"4ba4f1bd3c7b006a506ce21ccc6877cfe9768b4c167dfe91ce90e3b56b5070af","abstract_canon_sha256":"e03a75ff5f6cb4b0e5c3daf04af88bc1586cd4adca5a7efa78a4c8b41066cc50"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"88e122434d7fc8ce50853fc08ae9de09fb31155c9daf69deed25c07d190b9faa","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.729867Z","signature_b64":"ibUAxvFsOJqaG/UGDZkOJgUQwOBEqHOtiKCIUWQ7RfZPtTRsnmTMhDqWaFWSWxbThwTLAUpaT/0d/Cz3g5NwCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"88e122434d7fc8ce50853fc08ae9de09fb31155c9daf69deed25c07d190b9faa","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.729202Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.729202Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1201.4616","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uYbYKZ/ZykwL3Ew4EvY3I3j86UCJtT8MwGLWWxkW9FON51YNc0pgKEnu+jsBUBYTkPbQDSkCWOG0gbstHgBqCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T17:33:26.755058Z"},"content_sha256":"e8b35e9348071a7b63b9a81bf8f9ef58fe3b08606b74a6c929e3b3c44689dce2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e8b35e9348071a7b63b9a81bf8f9ef58fe3b08606b74a6c929e3b3c44689dce2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Developing arrayed waveguide grating spectrographs for multi-object astronomical spectroscopy","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Jon Lawrence, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Michael Withford, Nemanja Jovanovic, Nick Cvetojevic","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T00:10:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"With the aim of utilizing arrayed waveguide gratings for multi-object spectroscopy in the field of astronomy, we outline several ways in which standard telecommunications grade chips should be modified. In particular, by removing the parabolic-horn taper or multimode interference coupler, and injecting with an optical fiber directly, the resolving power was increased threefold from 2400 \\pm 200 (spectral resolution of 0.63 \\pm 0.2 nm) to 7000 \\pm 700 (0.22 \\pm 0.02 nm) while attaining a throughput of 77 \\pm 5%. More importantly, the removal of the taper enabled simultaneous off-axis injection "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1201.4616","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7PLrvew7wjg3iba2r4O6KyJVekLbl8fN3CbI4SrG87CMQcIaiGAqD5IcCf6nGvDuXFjM8FqNr0ogGwcNpyECCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T17:33:26.755742Z"},"content_sha256":"88d374a053335afc01b62a8eabdbb3f14771ebd4ef0e2886db047a0ae2ebd04e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:88d374a053335afc01b62a8eabdbb3f14771ebd4ef0e2886db047a0ae2ebd04e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-07T17:33:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEFH7AIV2O6BH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e03a75ff5f6cb4b0e5c3daf04af88bc1586cd4adca5a7efa78a4c8b41066cc50","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T00:10:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"4ba4f1bd3c7b006a506ce21ccc6877cfe9768b4c167dfe91ce90e3b56b5070af"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1201.4616","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1201.4616","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1201.4616v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1201.4616","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RDQSEQ2NP7EM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RDQSEQ2NP7EM4UEF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RDQSEQ2N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:88d374a053335afc01b62a8eabdbb3f14771ebd4ef0e2886db047a0ae2ebd04e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"With the aim of utilizing arrayed waveguide gratings for multi-object spectroscopy in the field of astronomy, we outline several ways in which standard telecommunications grade chips should be modified. In particular, by removing the parabolic-horn taper or multimode interference coupler, and injecting with an optical fiber directly, the resolving power was increased threefold from 2400 \\pm 200 (spectral resolution of 0.63 \\pm 0.2 nm) to 7000 \\pm 700 (0.22 \\pm 0.02 nm) while attaining a throughput of 77 \\pm 5%. More importantly, the removal of the taper enabled simultaneous off-axis injection ","authors_text":"Jon Lawrence, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Michael Withford, Nemanja Jovanovic, Nick Cvetojevic","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T00:10:56Z","title":"Developing arrayed waveguide grating spectrographs for multi-object astronomical spectroscopy"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1201.4616","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e8b35e9348071a7b63b9a81bf8f9ef58fe3b08606b74a6c929e3b3c44689dce2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e03a75ff5f6cb4b0e5c3daf04af88bc1586cd4adca5a7efa78a4c8b41066cc50","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2012-01-23T00:10:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"4ba4f1bd3c7b006a506ce21ccc6877cfe9768b4c167dfe91ce90e3b56b5070af"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1201.4616","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"88e122434d7fc8ce50853fc08ae9de09fb31155c9daf69deed25c07d190b9faa","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"88e122434d7fc8ce50853fc08ae9de09fb31155c9daf69deed25c07d190b9faa","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.729202Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.729202Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ibUAxvFsOJqaG/UGDZkOJgUQwOBEqHOtiKCIUWQ7RfZPtTRsnmTMhDqWaFWSWxbThwTLAUpaT/0d/Cz3g5NwCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.729867Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1201.4616","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e8b35e9348071a7b63b9a81bf8f9ef58fe3b08606b74a6c929e3b3c44689dce2","sha256:88d374a053335afc01b62a8eabdbb3f14771ebd4ef0e2886db047a0ae2ebd04e"],"state_sha256":"7a5abb72e3376289f8aca56b6f89d28af7f27fc1468a1cee0842a893e86186e1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ETPAP7b8e2A9u2jJ5ti6ZeQrNQtCsTYEXhLHnpuC2rrVnQDl9Z5k/xbnU177l9eakMwVi6pTlXLAunW1PaGzCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T17:33:26.758842Z","bundle_sha256":"4d2ae61f2a521d3d80c5f05a4594c79c9dd71451af91ce99c014e70f71f50309"}}