{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W","short_pith_number":"pith:REABX75Y","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.05990","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-11-08T22:02:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL","cs.GT","cs.LG","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"7b6542db2dec9c147e8f7afd38061cd1fbb841c40af5929ffae542b5118b2551","abstract_canon_sha256":"6a5b13aa3636e0cccba18961d8371f06c1697116df70e82feb4f2f145675271e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"89001bffb8909cd018c2ceae0ec12ffda06cf497df399b7ddf992cfc9edafe82","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2411.05990","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.05990","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.05990v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.05990","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"REABX75YSCON","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"REABX75YSCONAGGC","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"REABX75Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.05990","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-11-08T22:02:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL","cs.GT","cs.LG","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"7b6542db2dec9c147e8f7afd38061cd1fbb841c40af5929ffae542b5118b2551","abstract_canon_sha256":"6a5b13aa3636e0cccba18961d8371f06c1697116df70e82feb4f2f145675271e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"89001bffb8909cd018c2ceae0ec12ffda06cf497df399b7ddf992cfc9edafe82","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22.540559Z","signature_b64":"CmoQlfveu1VoOtVCkTPDg5h1LiSMwWdw8ZpWIzP0dInW9/Kwst4OzfTQBOAuKtOuiLsai+e3KtKOxdtYRA5vBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"89001bffb8909cd018c2ceae0ec12ffda06cf497df399b7ddf992cfc9edafe82","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22.540003Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22.540003Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2411.05990","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eDQbUr3VYnqrhLbDbVvc1DkNMtL365/tDbfYdtDO4PgKsCJ/mRKLogVMIaykTrCIHy+LEaN5lSQSM44Mkik8Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T05:09:32.503214Z"},"content_sha256":"8d4017dd6957a90160e4508eba907b04d76768ac28417d0e836a5a757d9a820a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8d4017dd6957a90160e4508eba907b04d76768ac28417d0e836a5a757d9a820a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Game-theoretic LLM: Agent Workflow for Negotiation Games","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL","cs.GT","cs.LG","cs.MA"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Alfonso Amayuelas, Fei Sun, Julie Chen, Lingyao Li, Lizhou Fan, Lucas Jiang, Mingyu Jin, Ollie Liu, Wenyue Hua, William Wang, Xintong Wang, Yongfeng Zhang","submitted_at":"2024-11-08T22:02:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper investigates the rationality of large language models (LLMs) in strategic decision-making contexts, specifically within the framework of game theory. We evaluate several state-of-the-art LLMs across a spectrum of complete-information and incomplete-information games. Our findings reveal that LLMs frequently deviate from rational strategies, particularly as the complexity of the game increases with larger payoff matrices or deeper sequential trees.\n  To address these limitations, we design multiple game-theoretic workflows that guide the reasoning and decision-making processes of LLM"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.05990","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2411.05990/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bQMoMPTGdZoNyrJhAKvDPXXDBfX0A2jDQMC+S+IgZJfDg6p6sH8SQvdQrloeEPVs2QJ0Kq56icXn3srOSdbWDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T05:09:32.503767Z"},"content_sha256":"779079ed891f8d9c9583a3899e5e69e638e54d0000e7f0685b198e152d95d6a9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:779079ed891f8d9c9583a3899e5e69e638e54d0000e7f0685b198e152d95d6a9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T05:09:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:REABX75YSCONAGGCZ2XA5QJP7W","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6a5b13aa3636e0cccba18961d8371f06c1697116df70e82feb4f2f145675271e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL","cs.GT","cs.LG","cs.MA"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-11-08T22:02:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"7b6542db2dec9c147e8f7afd38061cd1fbb841c40af5929ffae542b5118b2551"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.05990","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.05990","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.05990v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.05990","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"REABX75YSCON","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"REABX75YSCONAGGC","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"REABX75Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:779079ed891f8d9c9583a3899e5e69e638e54d0000e7f0685b198e152d95d6a9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2411.05990/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper investigates the rationality of large language models (LLMs) in strategic decision-making contexts, specifically within the framework of game theory. We evaluate several state-of-the-art LLMs across a spectrum of complete-information and incomplete-information games. Our findings reveal that LLMs frequently deviate from rational strategies, particularly as the complexity of the game increases with larger payoff matrices or deeper sequential trees.\n  To address these limitations, we design multiple game-theoretic workflows that guide the reasoning and decision-making processes of LLM","authors_text":"Alfonso Amayuelas, Fei Sun, Julie Chen, Lingyao Li, Lizhou Fan, Lucas Jiang, Mingyu Jin, Ollie Liu, Wenyue Hua, William Wang, Xintong Wang, Yongfeng Zhang","cross_cats":["cs.CL","cs.GT","cs.LG","cs.MA"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-11-08T22:02:22Z","title":"Game-theoretic LLM: Agent Workflow for Negotiation Games"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.05990","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8d4017dd6957a90160e4508eba907b04d76768ac28417d0e836a5a757d9a820a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6a5b13aa3636e0cccba18961d8371f06c1697116df70e82feb4f2f145675271e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL","cs.GT","cs.LG","cs.MA"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-11-08T22:02:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"7b6542db2dec9c147e8f7afd38061cd1fbb841c40af5929ffae542b5118b2551"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.05990","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"89001bffb8909cd018c2ceae0ec12ffda06cf497df399b7ddf992cfc9edafe82","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"89001bffb8909cd018c2ceae0ec12ffda06cf497df399b7ddf992cfc9edafe82","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22.540003Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22.540003Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"CmoQlfveu1VoOtVCkTPDg5h1LiSMwWdw8ZpWIzP0dInW9/Kwst4OzfTQBOAuKtOuiLsai+e3KtKOxdtYRA5vBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:22.540559Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2411.05990","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8d4017dd6957a90160e4508eba907b04d76768ac28417d0e836a5a757d9a820a","sha256:779079ed891f8d9c9583a3899e5e69e638e54d0000e7f0685b198e152d95d6a9"],"state_sha256":"e00c30cbc94a824798e91c53fa2d810678850a0021135570b750748f79d3e148"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wCR/PTUHx+WQJpJQSzG2VnqbNAbpJQd/bb5oddElnkZRpli1gjI8tprv/kAJpcJVek+3oDS7q6cfQ9L4jFaMAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T05:09:32.533753Z","bundle_sha256":"aa54bab1e3a37deb0c7687b14d3d034a0aaf11a40bb2086df26e097404bf40c0"}}