{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY","short_pith_number":"pith:RHC5IEPJ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.01192","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-05-03T09:53:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f555a84b409a853f8638014b9348f721235be1263afcf60d377795d5650d83b4","abstract_canon_sha256":"ec37951c6bab86da03ba84ccfe10cd6a2f6be79e1b1207aa6a96b21f072ce44c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"89c5d411e9aa38319ad566eeab13715638c23d5f67a52677d763278248c00797","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1805.01192","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.01192","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.01192v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.01192","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RHC5IEPJVI4D","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RHC5IEPJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.01192","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-05-03T09:53:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f555a84b409a853f8638014b9348f721235be1263afcf60d377795d5650d83b4","abstract_canon_sha256":"ec37951c6bab86da03ba84ccfe10cd6a2f6be79e1b1207aa6a96b21f072ce44c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"89c5d411e9aa38319ad566eeab13715638c23d5f67a52677d763278248c00797","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52.269036Z","signature_b64":"MAnUHKc7rImvRty4adCE7RWOPxGuasCtPsjNY34MT/MFzhAfVsk6ri3w+CIYF/4S+A9DqJJmpGh1kCYFoiv8Cw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"89c5d411e9aa38319ad566eeab13715638c23d5f67a52677d763278248c00797","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52.268402Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52.268402Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1805.01192","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WeV/UqFjA2TEFvBUWkgsrgmtooX78Bg1mT5CrMxJHER/eh2/BykTUamqnChbpgS8zBqCO00MCFPeJHG5JOTyDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T18:42:17.532719Z"},"content_sha256":"e625fb975e534a3a44e7d365a88704af39b49422d99289cff1bc9f2601316f89","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e625fb975e534a3a44e7d365a88704af39b49422d99289cff1bc9f2601316f89"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Early stage of CVD graphene synthesis on Ge(001) substrate","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"A. M. Scaparro, A. Notargiacomo, A. Sgarlata, C. Coletti, L. Di Gaspare, L. Fazi, M. de Seta, M. Fanfoni, V. Miseikis","submitted_at":"2018-05-03T09:53:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this work we shed light on the early stage of the chemical vapor deposition of graphene on Ge(001) surfaces. By a combined use of microRaman and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, and scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we were able to individuate a carbon precursor phase to graphene nucleation which coexists with small graphene domains. This precursor phase is made of C aggregates with different size, shape and local ordering which are not fully sp2 hybridized. In some atomic size regions these aggregates show a linear arrangement of atoms as well as the first signature of the"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.01192","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K93wXcdVvApwZ7y9S/Le8IAF9DpT5jpfiQp5P3vixTCpaFfBBtHNSd9NppGdWcsHBY+lbi+e3RNXqoc+EKsPCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T18:42:17.533062Z"},"content_sha256":"b3d579f81777f46f7521031fd595f99d9a76b4132946ad39b0b379907d0fb366","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b3d579f81777f46f7521031fd595f99d9a76b4132946ad39b0b379907d0fb366"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T18:42:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWVM3XKWE3RKY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ec37951c6bab86da03ba84ccfe10cd6a2f6be79e1b1207aa6a96b21f072ce44c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-05-03T09:53:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"f555a84b409a853f8638014b9348f721235be1263afcf60d377795d5650d83b4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.01192","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.01192","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.01192v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.01192","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RHC5IEPJVI4D","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RHC5IEPJVI4DDGWV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RHC5IEPJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b3d579f81777f46f7521031fd595f99d9a76b4132946ad39b0b379907d0fb366","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this work we shed light on the early stage of the chemical vapor deposition of graphene on Ge(001) surfaces. By a combined use of microRaman and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, and scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we were able to individuate a carbon precursor phase to graphene nucleation which coexists with small graphene domains. This precursor phase is made of C aggregates with different size, shape and local ordering which are not fully sp2 hybridized. In some atomic size regions these aggregates show a linear arrangement of atoms as well as the first signature of the","authors_text":"A. M. Scaparro, A. Notargiacomo, A. Sgarlata, C. Coletti, L. Di Gaspare, L. Fazi, M. de Seta, M. Fanfoni, V. Miseikis","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-05-03T09:53:00Z","title":"Early stage of CVD graphene synthesis on Ge(001) substrate"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.01192","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e625fb975e534a3a44e7d365a88704af39b49422d99289cff1bc9f2601316f89","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ec37951c6bab86da03ba84ccfe10cd6a2f6be79e1b1207aa6a96b21f072ce44c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-05-03T09:53:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"f555a84b409a853f8638014b9348f721235be1263afcf60d377795d5650d83b4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.01192","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"89c5d411e9aa38319ad566eeab13715638c23d5f67a52677d763278248c00797","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"89c5d411e9aa38319ad566eeab13715638c23d5f67a52677d763278248c00797","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52.268402Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52.268402Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"MAnUHKc7rImvRty4adCE7RWOPxGuasCtPsjNY34MT/MFzhAfVsk6ri3w+CIYF/4S+A9DqJJmpGh1kCYFoiv8Cw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:16:52.269036Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1805.01192","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e625fb975e534a3a44e7d365a88704af39b49422d99289cff1bc9f2601316f89","sha256:b3d579f81777f46f7521031fd595f99d9a76b4132946ad39b0b379907d0fb366"],"state_sha256":"cb7aa66a0de79cf42585ccc9f495b970c7be7a5dd82e078c0e6d3f294a371678"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wgMY7pe2ZnLTrDwU60p7wVfCcWV8UImOQmz1mtzjPBg6O3kjB6UA1tkSaSzRzZLwRKW3iAjnOPHneeV3LgmcCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T18:42:17.535039Z","bundle_sha256":"1d2756f10b1c28335d01b28e590e83e133ddbb89a26d6fcba978fafd63789c9b"}}