{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG","short_pith_number":"pith:RLJHTGOE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2012.09784","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-12-04T19:00:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM","physics.pop-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"7bfe974492569bd8c3b46cd84a00662dd77d0a9c05cb6075fe094fd3d74a8cf6","abstract_canon_sha256":"e4bc142cbeecd356e52df226d9116ad06be43bd7fb0ca3f24e8bd0bf2abc3205"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8ad27999c495161a59c4272362fda17988fd674ab99624ae3978622f5200983b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2012.09784","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2012.09784","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2012.09784v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2012.09784","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RLJHTGOESULB","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RLJHTGOESULBUWOE","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RLJHTGOE","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2012.09784","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-12-04T19:00:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM","physics.pop-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"7bfe974492569bd8c3b46cd84a00662dd77d0a9c05cb6075fe094fd3d74a8cf6","abstract_canon_sha256":"e4bc142cbeecd356e52df226d9116ad06be43bd7fb0ca3f24e8bd0bf2abc3205"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8ad27999c495161a59c4272362fda17988fd674ab99624ae3978622f5200983b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21.118132Z","signature_b64":"CAtRdN6uM2bQIzBmEikIW+8103vz6LLmOYNySZmtBABQPrlYOxqNTUEphGplS8qtMfkbayLDPleZPnF+VcTWAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8ad27999c495161a59c4272362fda17988fd674ab99624ae3978622f5200983b","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21.117760Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21.117760Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2012.09784","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KgS1wmCn+r1wWQkTNC/1Fh3nEEQvfmHJmUWvo0Y4JQzP7b/ecKzrH9NF3BqwX5SFkw8Ah5Z1BgJ/pDTOdIaeDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T07:40:42.980394Z"},"content_sha256":"76b5f3dbb99f483654f14912f03a8e0d386f7b4ac83d4f2fa15edb52dfbfaf24","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:76b5f3dbb99f483654f14912f03a8e0d386f7b4ac83d4f2fa15edb52dfbfaf24"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Women in academia: a warning on selection bias in gender studies from the astronomical perspective","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.IM","physics.pop-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"A. Ederoclite, A. L. Chies-Santos, A. R. da Silva, C. de S\\'a-Freitas, C. Heneka, E. Cameron, G. Gon\\c{c}alves, Isabel Rebollido, I. S. Beloto, M. L. L. Dantas, Morgan S. Camargo, P. R. T. Coelho, Rafael S. de Souza, T.A.Pacheco, V. Branco, V. M. Carvalho de Oliveira","submitted_at":"2020-12-04T19:00:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"The recent paper by AlShebli et al. (2020) investigates the impact of mentorship in young scientists. Among their conclusions, they state that female prot\\'eg\\'es benefit more from male than female mentorship. We herein expose a critical flaw in their methodological design that is a common issue in Astronomy, namely \"selection biases\". An effect that if not treated properly may lead to unwarranted causality claims. In their analysis, selection biases seem to be present in the response rate of their survey (8.35%), the choice of database, success criterion, and the overlook of the numerous draw"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2012.09784","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2012.09784/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Nu6i4PnS1Ylr1FnXlv5na9FSIpI2A2JouSixk66ewvdFUYFszCvybzMObDqt/P2VLrlkwYCRD2z7kLCT+0WhBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T07:40:42.981088Z"},"content_sha256":"e289b01c886a1733e2703db417ddaea18fe3d9b128f3f2e81d67f6ed4884f444","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e289b01c886a1733e2703db417ddaea18fe3d9b128f3f2e81d67f6ed4884f444"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-14T07:40:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:RLJHTGOESULBUWOEE4RWF7NBPG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e4bc142cbeecd356e52df226d9116ad06be43bd7fb0ca3f24e8bd0bf2abc3205","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM","physics.pop-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-12-04T19:00:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"7bfe974492569bd8c3b46cd84a00662dd77d0a9c05cb6075fe094fd3d74a8cf6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2012.09784","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2012.09784","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2012.09784v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2012.09784","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RLJHTGOESULB","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RLJHTGOESULBUWOE","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RLJHTGOE","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e289b01c886a1733e2703db417ddaea18fe3d9b128f3f2e81d67f6ed4884f444","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2012.09784/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The recent paper by AlShebli et al. (2020) investigates the impact of mentorship in young scientists. Among their conclusions, they state that female prot\\'eg\\'es benefit more from male than female mentorship. We herein expose a critical flaw in their methodological design that is a common issue in Astronomy, namely \"selection biases\". An effect that if not treated properly may lead to unwarranted causality claims. In their analysis, selection biases seem to be present in the response rate of their survey (8.35%), the choice of database, success criterion, and the overlook of the numerous draw","authors_text":"A. Ederoclite, A. L. Chies-Santos, A. R. da Silva, C. de S\\'a-Freitas, C. Heneka, E. Cameron, G. Gon\\c{c}alves, Isabel Rebollido, I. S. Beloto, M. L. L. Dantas, Morgan S. Camargo, P. R. T. Coelho, Rafael S. de Souza, T.A.Pacheco, V. Branco, V. M. Carvalho de Oliveira","cross_cats":["astro-ph.IM","physics.pop-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-12-04T19:00:05Z","title":"Women in academia: a warning on selection bias in gender studies from the astronomical perspective"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2012.09784","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:76b5f3dbb99f483654f14912f03a8e0d386f7b4ac83d4f2fa15edb52dfbfaf24","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e4bc142cbeecd356e52df226d9116ad06be43bd7fb0ca3f24e8bd0bf2abc3205","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM","physics.pop-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-12-04T19:00:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"7bfe974492569bd8c3b46cd84a00662dd77d0a9c05cb6075fe094fd3d74a8cf6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2012.09784","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8ad27999c495161a59c4272362fda17988fd674ab99624ae3978622f5200983b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8ad27999c495161a59c4272362fda17988fd674ab99624ae3978622f5200983b","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21.117760Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21.117760Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"CAtRdN6uM2bQIzBmEikIW+8103vz6LLmOYNySZmtBABQPrlYOxqNTUEphGplS8qtMfkbayLDPleZPnF+VcTWAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:00:21.118132Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2012.09784","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:76b5f3dbb99f483654f14912f03a8e0d386f7b4ac83d4f2fa15edb52dfbfaf24","sha256:e289b01c886a1733e2703db417ddaea18fe3d9b128f3f2e81d67f6ed4884f444"],"state_sha256":"a051a0cea9e13d24d1a5ed57d6e5b76b8e5405f4ab6ecdea6b1bdf688b50f3c8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"t/5ZSg+BfZxy02iNpcaAhr169K2n/JTQYKcoYU0d9gi7ma5WuvxqiUhwVhmGP+WYrFqBZWJEaVlt5tdmFGX2AA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T07:40:42.985868Z","bundle_sha256":"f99d267b28691dce29ac484fde2804f9d1fe8e7542e3ff55abe7da19a61ca76b"}}