{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS","short_pith_number":"pith:RTC64NER","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.09286","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-17T01:14:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d119ae34cb86eb227c1c1a30cfe0369cdf219ce5d9d928f2d9aeb6c90bc212e5","abstract_canon_sha256":"59ab3be5493f2f2f26e080ab5a784b74db1dac7c086653e160ffa2f706f36138"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8cc5ee349157df0ee3af9792e5297a3cb13083c7319275d5b2635509e92f479b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2211.09286","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.09286","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.09286v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.09286","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RTC64NERK7PQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5P","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RTC64NER","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.09286","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-17T01:14:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d119ae34cb86eb227c1c1a30cfe0369cdf219ce5d9d928f2d9aeb6c90bc212e5","abstract_canon_sha256":"59ab3be5493f2f2f26e080ab5a784b74db1dac7c086653e160ffa2f706f36138"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8cc5ee349157df0ee3af9792e5297a3cb13083c7319275d5b2635509e92f479b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54.271233Z","signature_b64":"hz6YSnl5ibYInSN0hFtS5ImJyqO9WJVx/EB7nuepoZFMuJtv6BgzLHvqr+cFL2g4ZSPOz/eLFNeJ1x2aIlm3Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8cc5ee349157df0ee3af9792e5297a3cb13083c7319275d5b2635509e92f479b","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54.270807Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54.270807Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2211.09286","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7n+lqcaIg+cNnGhzlsayBttvCWcZucAD5qN3TRo5sh/qxKr1IN8po13RRJGU4IqcKLvTFkVkM8a7A4o8IEjDAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-09T05:43:50.023110Z"},"content_sha256":"a3f440f3cb556148f206108897a3cadd1be5b40dcbe0f37ed8c7c33fd1785c51","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a3f440f3cb556148f206108897a3cadd1be5b40dcbe0f37ed8c7c33fd1785c51"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Permutation-Invariant Tabular Data Synthesis","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Lydia Y. Chen, Robert Birke, Yujin Zhu, Zilong Zhao","submitted_at":"2022-11-17T01:14:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"Tabular data synthesis is an emerging approach to circumvent strict regulations on data privacy while discovering knowledge through big data. Although state-of-the-art AI-based tabular data synthesizers, e.g., table-GAN, CTGAN, TVAE, and CTAB-GAN, are effective at generating synthetic tabular data, their training is sensitive to column permutations of input data. In this paper, we first conduct an extensive empirical study to disclose such a property of permutation invariance and an in-depth analysis of the existing synthesizers. We show that changing the input column order worsens the statist"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.09286","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2211.09286/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SzmUqrAy0pEAeiOO37xq+cGndy0UE5pKyZQk5srkwQzZ8Zut/d91+j+9+S/Tm/iuqY6pEf4RvNmbkq/wguz4BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-09T05:43:50.023507Z"},"content_sha256":"6259c126ed5748b3f9ec1917f95fa3d4da824453c0223c671d8d1a61dfd9238c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6259c126ed5748b3f9ec1917f95fa3d4da824453c0223c671d8d1a61dfd9238c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-09T05:43:50Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5PS6JOKKL2HS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"59ab3be5493f2f2f26e080ab5a784b74db1dac7c086653e160ffa2f706f36138","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-17T01:14:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"d119ae34cb86eb227c1c1a30cfe0369cdf219ce5d9d928f2d9aeb6c90bc212e5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.09286","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.09286","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.09286v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.09286","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RTC64NERK7PQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RTC64NERK7PQ5Y5P","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RTC64NER","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6259c126ed5748b3f9ec1917f95fa3d4da824453c0223c671d8d1a61dfd9238c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2211.09286/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Tabular data synthesis is an emerging approach to circumvent strict regulations on data privacy while discovering knowledge through big data. Although state-of-the-art AI-based tabular data synthesizers, e.g., table-GAN, CTGAN, TVAE, and CTAB-GAN, are effective at generating synthetic tabular data, their training is sensitive to column permutations of input data. In this paper, we first conduct an extensive empirical study to disclose such a property of permutation invariance and an in-depth analysis of the existing synthesizers. We show that changing the input column order worsens the statist","authors_text":"Lydia Y. Chen, Robert Birke, Yujin Zhu, Zilong Zhao","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-17T01:14:19Z","title":"Permutation-Invariant Tabular Data Synthesis"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.09286","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a3f440f3cb556148f206108897a3cadd1be5b40dcbe0f37ed8c7c33fd1785c51","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"59ab3be5493f2f2f26e080ab5a784b74db1dac7c086653e160ffa2f706f36138","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-17T01:14:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"d119ae34cb86eb227c1c1a30cfe0369cdf219ce5d9d928f2d9aeb6c90bc212e5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.09286","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8cc5ee349157df0ee3af9792e5297a3cb13083c7319275d5b2635509e92f479b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8cc5ee349157df0ee3af9792e5297a3cb13083c7319275d5b2635509e92f479b","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54.270807Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54.270807Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hz6YSnl5ibYInSN0hFtS5ImJyqO9WJVx/EB7nuepoZFMuJtv6BgzLHvqr+cFL2g4ZSPOz/eLFNeJ1x2aIlm3Dg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:16:54.271233Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2211.09286","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a3f440f3cb556148f206108897a3cadd1be5b40dcbe0f37ed8c7c33fd1785c51","sha256:6259c126ed5748b3f9ec1917f95fa3d4da824453c0223c671d8d1a61dfd9238c"],"state_sha256":"6c5a121aa758315659f1a9f05e80ad412c8903d1204d45deebb005e88917af19"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bmN1Hba3JS/t3MWEN0rVTiBNCtdSQ9Soy0pPCTL7nAZisQXEQTkBPhOPgfD24qvlWaVAGkar6J2jbO0LcMPRDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-09T05:43:50.026228Z","bundle_sha256":"d06e27ecdcdab1385f15e3dfba8de3b1a206d6bdb7c3aae68713d7c7028f24eb"}}