{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5","short_pith_number":"pith:RTOMRWET","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.04240","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2015-12-14T10:03:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"8ad10df6d6c1bf1156867446acb3fbf5f6ed72731ccab1245f0c7d11d0f4de48","abstract_canon_sha256":"08ffc4a1262deb0cf1732c3c161c136f57acf0137a0ea96686b6350bdbe2c38b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8cdcc8d89345f469d7b1a46d9e17982773b61ef191fa4bc619d7db793bed28ea","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1512.04240","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.04240","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.04240v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.04240","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RTOMRWETIX2G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RTOMRWETIX2GTV5R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RTOMRWET","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.04240","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2015-12-14T10:03:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"8ad10df6d6c1bf1156867446acb3fbf5f6ed72731ccab1245f0c7d11d0f4de48","abstract_canon_sha256":"08ffc4a1262deb0cf1732c3c161c136f57acf0137a0ea96686b6350bdbe2c38b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8cdcc8d89345f469d7b1a46d9e17982773b61ef191fa4bc619d7db793bed28ea","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57.055383Z","signature_b64":"WqDgurigG8kG/64RbhT7wcDfumYX/zaXwwVdFLBAqSlaCJODgiTqOyJckRdoPFPrew5BujIdc1Kqz4nIeyE0Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8cdcc8d89345f469d7b1a46d9e17982773b61ef191fa4bc619d7db793bed28ea","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57.055009Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57.055009Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1512.04240","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pzekGMtU5JBd0XSYo2lxHFQ8Dy1ni5dQDztiJPGCwykCPUuzKbDUXnsR1YN/PtwjvYhxsaNoJL1qMITv5MEVDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T18:28:32.137172Z"},"content_sha256":"1d4ef7edcb4094b36010a2d3719fb818008a71b0d0acde8490c8cf618d62b1c6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1d4ef7edcb4094b36010a2d3719fb818008a71b0d0acde8490c8cf618d62b1c6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Perturbed Newtonian description of the Lema\\^itre model with non-negligible pressure","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Misao Sasaki, Valerio Marra, Viatcheslav Mukhanov","submitted_at":"2015-12-14T10:03:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the validity of the Newtonian description of cosmological perturbations using the Lemaitre model, an exact spherically symmetric solution of Einstein's equation. This problem has been investigated in the past for the case of a dust fluid. Here, we extend the previous analysis to the more general case of a fluid with non-negligible pressure, and, for the numerical examples, we consider the case of radiation (P=\\rho/3). We find that, even when the density contrast has a nonlinear amplitude, the Newtonian description of the cosmological perturbations using the gravitational potential \\ps"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.04240","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"a14jNGEuLnsIJY3Ns1Au8nrX/wEn5jmK6NMbRyjY3wzPP8G8z+3TaPIeo5lNEfejnIfHNOQx8MQ8TENAaHIwCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T18:28:32.137908Z"},"content_sha256":"71d5f18089c77a00ee2116d6795223c3da1a3ac54e5e8fea6d3d0ddf5e2fc158","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:71d5f18089c77a00ee2116d6795223c3da1a3ac54e5e8fea6d3d0ddf5e2fc158"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T18:28:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:RTOMRWETIX2GTV5RURWZ4F4YE5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"08ffc4a1262deb0cf1732c3c161c136f57acf0137a0ea96686b6350bdbe2c38b","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2015-12-14T10:03:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ad10df6d6c1bf1156867446acb3fbf5f6ed72731ccab1245f0c7d11d0f4de48"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1512.04240","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.04240","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.04240v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.04240","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RTOMRWETIX2G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RTOMRWETIX2GTV5R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RTOMRWET","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:71d5f18089c77a00ee2116d6795223c3da1a3ac54e5e8fea6d3d0ddf5e2fc158","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the validity of the Newtonian description of cosmological perturbations using the Lemaitre model, an exact spherically symmetric solution of Einstein's equation. This problem has been investigated in the past for the case of a dust fluid. Here, we extend the previous analysis to the more general case of a fluid with non-negligible pressure, and, for the numerical examples, we consider the case of radiation (P=\\rho/3). We find that, even when the density contrast has a nonlinear amplitude, the Newtonian description of the cosmological perturbations using the gravitational potential \\ps","authors_text":"Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Misao Sasaki, Valerio Marra, Viatcheslav Mukhanov","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2015-12-14T10:03:14Z","title":"Perturbed Newtonian description of the Lema\\^itre model with non-negligible pressure"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.04240","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1d4ef7edcb4094b36010a2d3719fb818008a71b0d0acde8490c8cf618d62b1c6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"08ffc4a1262deb0cf1732c3c161c136f57acf0137a0ea96686b6350bdbe2c38b","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2015-12-14T10:03:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ad10df6d6c1bf1156867446acb3fbf5f6ed72731ccab1245f0c7d11d0f4de48"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1512.04240","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"8cdcc8d89345f469d7b1a46d9e17982773b61ef191fa4bc619d7db793bed28ea","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8cdcc8d89345f469d7b1a46d9e17982773b61ef191fa4bc619d7db793bed28ea","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57.055009Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57.055009Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"WqDgurigG8kG/64RbhT7wcDfumYX/zaXwwVdFLBAqSlaCJODgiTqOyJckRdoPFPrew5BujIdc1Kqz4nIeyE0Dg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:57.055383Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1512.04240","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1d4ef7edcb4094b36010a2d3719fb818008a71b0d0acde8490c8cf618d62b1c6","sha256:71d5f18089c77a00ee2116d6795223c3da1a3ac54e5e8fea6d3d0ddf5e2fc158"],"state_sha256":"751d8867c158560f88e280375b9c4a4a7ae50d570bf75a50729baa76668a7f03"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ccrLYhKs8Eb/fKGheXEqDQiGsMSl4wwtInXREstZn0lUsWzRcqRq56BbLUIJokXV4WKIi+cDsG0gA32fRntWBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T18:28:32.141742Z","bundle_sha256":"755ef0cb2d628c974e9f932451f860670fa43e025e73a32468cddbd041020e45"}}