{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1999:RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ","short_pith_number":"pith:RVESMHCO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9905064","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1999-05-18T22:38:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6ca2a8d7cc536c44586df948ab1c813bc070960ab059ec179e2918fd98934505","abstract_canon_sha256":"bc0a5f19d36dea8ce15e194e83ba2498ddfe2a09482c22b36ba95b82b143c2ab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8d49261c4e27f81454e0cad8cd26eec4226783614d69738d851dea0250a5002c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"gr-qc/9905064","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"gr-qc/9905064","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"gr-qc/9905064v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/9905064","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RVESMHCOE74B","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RVESMHCOE74BIVHA","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RVESMHCO","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1999:RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9905064","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1999-05-18T22:38:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6ca2a8d7cc536c44586df948ab1c813bc070960ab059ec179e2918fd98934505","abstract_canon_sha256":"bc0a5f19d36dea8ce15e194e83ba2498ddfe2a09482c22b36ba95b82b143c2ab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8d49261c4e27f81454e0cad8cd26eec4226783614d69738d851dea0250a5002c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07.409587Z","signature_b64":"KVEIFAXzuJMgGKsn82wkyjS9GAVZTDZVMqeGVmSl07V3D/sGrTCQULdfOSpCouPiMVUxR1he+W+ZGkI8DOJvBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8d49261c4e27f81454e0cad8cd26eec4226783614d69738d851dea0250a5002c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07.409190Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07.409190Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"gr-qc/9905064","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LHxH8KYbkJe66bAzRiXdROYXQT83SqroGswo4ZjiHcsWZh+sSFTRhpYxhsMoTxOZw0xnCZ2dQelBaiXIHM3kAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T22:12:14.460603Z"},"content_sha256":"f4ba7e4a6ee9d5362a85d9559c10fb7ec78fed1945e0b91be189850805a80c4b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f4ba7e4a6ee9d5362a85d9559c10fb7ec78fed1945e0b91be189850805a80c4b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1999:RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Black hole formation in the Friedmann universe: Formulation and computation in numerical relativity","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Masaru Shibata, Misao Sasaki","submitted_at":"1999-05-18T22:38:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study formation of black holes in the Friedmann universe. We present a formulation of the Einstein equations under the constant mean curvature time-slicing condition. Our formalism not only gives us the analytic solution of the perturbation equations for non-linear density and metric fluctuations on superhorizon scales, but also allows us to carry out a numerical relativity simulation for black hole formation after the scale of the density fluctuations is well within the Hubble horizon scale. We perform a numerical simulation of spherically symmetric black hole formation in the radiation-do"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9905064","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/gr-qc/9905064/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"H0DMSibis1+OjGq4i1StyBX4G0vtTn99z7CcdKnmGIuid/uEq577vMBOdIhwXbkRayazPTjz8gRAbPHmnY9ADQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T22:12:14.461455Z"},"content_sha256":"5693c92774cde101ad232372323284c4420d2072341057e122b3c266e9a91632","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5693c92774cde101ad232372323284c4420d2072341057e122b3c266e9a91632"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-14T22:12:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1999:RVESMHCOE74BIVHAZLMM2JXOYQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bc0a5f19d36dea8ce15e194e83ba2498ddfe2a09482c22b36ba95b82b143c2ab","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1999-05-18T22:38:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"6ca2a8d7cc536c44586df948ab1c813bc070960ab059ec179e2918fd98934505"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"gr-qc/9905064","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"gr-qc/9905064","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"gr-qc/9905064v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/9905064","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RVESMHCOE74B","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RVESMHCOE74BIVHA","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RVESMHCO","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5693c92774cde101ad232372323284c4420d2072341057e122b3c266e9a91632","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/gr-qc/9905064/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study formation of black holes in the Friedmann universe. We present a formulation of the Einstein equations under the constant mean curvature time-slicing condition. Our formalism not only gives us the analytic solution of the perturbation equations for non-linear density and metric fluctuations on superhorizon scales, but also allows us to carry out a numerical relativity simulation for black hole formation after the scale of the density fluctuations is well within the Hubble horizon scale. We perform a numerical simulation of spherically symmetric black hole formation in the radiation-do","authors_text":"Masaru Shibata, Misao Sasaki","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1999-05-18T22:38:56Z","title":"Black hole formation in the Friedmann universe: Formulation and computation in numerical relativity"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9905064","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f4ba7e4a6ee9d5362a85d9559c10fb7ec78fed1945e0b91be189850805a80c4b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bc0a5f19d36dea8ce15e194e83ba2498ddfe2a09482c22b36ba95b82b143c2ab","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1999-05-18T22:38:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"6ca2a8d7cc536c44586df948ab1c813bc070960ab059ec179e2918fd98934505"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"gr-qc/9905064","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8d49261c4e27f81454e0cad8cd26eec4226783614d69738d851dea0250a5002c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8d49261c4e27f81454e0cad8cd26eec4226783614d69738d851dea0250a5002c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07.409190Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07.409190Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"KVEIFAXzuJMgGKsn82wkyjS9GAVZTDZVMqeGVmSl07V3D/sGrTCQULdfOSpCouPiMVUxR1he+W+ZGkI8DOJvBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:07.409587Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"gr-qc/9905064","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f4ba7e4a6ee9d5362a85d9559c10fb7ec78fed1945e0b91be189850805a80c4b","sha256:5693c92774cde101ad232372323284c4420d2072341057e122b3c266e9a91632"],"state_sha256":"d9ef7b7c23f6c0a918ff6d4c3bbaf3825081ae25addfac97a07e05f46417992c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zqaJwRpG/CRpj0DrERa6Tglm2eLPAJ+lJuMXz7IpcC+rKa4Sy4MQXiUrgNYS7kMW/uO+OUQxlSZ/AVkgp3xTBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T22:12:14.476364Z","bundle_sha256":"dacb2ca2c36143a88f63fc7265ce1205ea50df7cea2a8cb1bdd55fdae70b4d33"}}