{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2006:RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH","short_pith_number":"pith:RVMDMK57","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"cs/0606029","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2006-06-07T14:32:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7114eb0ed0c9fa346c28df30e35eeed8f0f10397522555e6904662a9fa3afd9d","abstract_canon_sha256":"325076289bd50060b215db84a9642dd584e1ecec1c4616caf03786498ed2eb2a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8d58362bbf2c5eb17e1977495fdbed51f59f8ddb4c93a2fe5c2b6cc0c1765821","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"cs/0606029","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"cs/0606029","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"cs/0606029v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.cs/0606029","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RVMDMK57FRPL","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZ","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RVMDMK57","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2006:RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"cs/0606029","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2006-06-07T14:32:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7114eb0ed0c9fa346c28df30e35eeed8f0f10397522555e6904662a9fa3afd9d","abstract_canon_sha256":"325076289bd50060b215db84a9642dd584e1ecec1c4616caf03786498ed2eb2a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8d58362bbf2c5eb17e1977495fdbed51f59f8ddb4c93a2fe5c2b6cc0c1765821","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56.163637Z","signature_b64":"J7LIsbAqaAowRI1EfzfveGfmjlucuvb7tU3LNfDznv7mmTDWSSC8p0/JVezE/vVacrskBF4oBa5SQjK93jMvBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8d58362bbf2c5eb17e1977495fdbed51f59f8ddb4c93a2fe5c2b6cc0c1765821","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56.163213Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56.163213Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"cs/0606029","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eUI93UWV6sidG+OqKleog4TWhwggldeqacO/0UvG3Y18mOYGbaCai+9gBdART+SjVZv7PWMYimjbyvm7umjSAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T14:01:21.413228Z"},"content_sha256":"adb6c831c88e36562ffc13d5c55000a784912c7f79c5fe26097a6ce39326b40d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:adb6c831c88e36562ffc13d5c55000a784912c7f79c5fe26097a6ce39326b40d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2006:RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Belief Calculus","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Audun Josang","submitted_at":"2006-06-07T14:32:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"In Dempster-Shafer belief theory, general beliefs are expressed as belief mass distribution functions over frames of discernment. In Subjective Logic beliefs are expressed as belief mass distribution functions over binary frames of discernment. Belief representations in Subjective Logic, which are called opinions, also contain a base rate parameter which express the a priori belief in the absence of evidence. Philosophically, beliefs are quantitative representations of evidence as perceived by humans or by other intelligent agents. The basic operators of classical probability calculus, such as"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"cs/0606029","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/cs/0606029/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3RxI7UlCsqycVWwg7ar2nP7M/ScNK5El6nExrVUrNRK/DPsicZ5CmnH+IzZcBKgelMT3vMQUX0JFqmzAVKViBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T14:01:21.415528Z"},"content_sha256":"46c9ba35cdf8da1811edbd525a44dc6473ed99ad21cb130e14ef668e7ca82de6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:46c9ba35cdf8da1811edbd525a44dc6473ed99ad21cb130e14ef668e7ca82de6"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-12T14:01:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2006:RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZO5EV7W7NKH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"325076289bd50060b215db84a9642dd584e1ecec1c4616caf03786498ed2eb2a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2006-06-07T14:32:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"7114eb0ed0c9fa346c28df30e35eeed8f0f10397522555e6904662a9fa3afd9d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"cs/0606029","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"cs/0606029","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"cs/0606029v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.cs/0606029","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RVMDMK57FRPL","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RVMDMK57FRPLC7QZ","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RVMDMK57","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:46c9ba35cdf8da1811edbd525a44dc6473ed99ad21cb130e14ef668e7ca82de6","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/cs/0606029/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In Dempster-Shafer belief theory, general beliefs are expressed as belief mass distribution functions over frames of discernment. In Subjective Logic beliefs are expressed as belief mass distribution functions over binary frames of discernment. Belief representations in Subjective Logic, which are called opinions, also contain a base rate parameter which express the a priori belief in the absence of evidence. Philosophically, beliefs are quantitative representations of evidence as perceived by humans or by other intelligent agents. The basic operators of classical probability calculus, such as","authors_text":"Audun Josang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2006-06-07T14:32:55Z","title":"Belief Calculus"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"cs/0606029","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:adb6c831c88e36562ffc13d5c55000a784912c7f79c5fe26097a6ce39326b40d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"325076289bd50060b215db84a9642dd584e1ecec1c4616caf03786498ed2eb2a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2006-06-07T14:32:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"7114eb0ed0c9fa346c28df30e35eeed8f0f10397522555e6904662a9fa3afd9d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"cs/0606029","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8d58362bbf2c5eb17e1977495fdbed51f59f8ddb4c93a2fe5c2b6cc0c1765821","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8d58362bbf2c5eb17e1977495fdbed51f59f8ddb4c93a2fe5c2b6cc0c1765821","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56.163213Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56.163213Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"J7LIsbAqaAowRI1EfzfveGfmjlucuvb7tU3LNfDznv7mmTDWSSC8p0/JVezE/vVacrskBF4oBa5SQjK93jMvBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T14:54:56.163637Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"cs/0606029","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:adb6c831c88e36562ffc13d5c55000a784912c7f79c5fe26097a6ce39326b40d","sha256:46c9ba35cdf8da1811edbd525a44dc6473ed99ad21cb130e14ef668e7ca82de6"],"state_sha256":"813977d0dc71663c4bd1a179cfeea19e931a7c71862761d9a28343811973ea34"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2FIaNNR0P+3TX1nixhWsyA6tGOtOjJ2Me7JUIdzX7nHZYbs0mHkRJX+Ouny2l4UQaTmyPAy51Qy1IcieRSvSBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T14:01:21.425584Z","bundle_sha256":"fa9b4b1975c76c417a29c7a98b3b4802c59d1ff4c0758926ebe568f80a08a92d"}}