{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG","short_pith_number":"pith:RXCI2GFR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.01342","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T22:18:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ca67c1404edc8a9919e4a40eb7d6583bdebd44c7e0582a9b224a0ba1df07643e","abstract_canon_sha256":"dbbbb0add44e10165f0284ab1a99687160facbb586235c700ffd19d22d284702"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8dc48d18b1b71231ef0fde289473b109af7e190c5f6ea7431b164aa66046def1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1601.01342","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.01342","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.01342v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.01342","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RXCI2GFRW4JD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RXCI2GFR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.01342","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T22:18:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ca67c1404edc8a9919e4a40eb7d6583bdebd44c7e0582a9b224a0ba1df07643e","abstract_canon_sha256":"dbbbb0add44e10165f0284ab1a99687160facbb586235c700ffd19d22d284702"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8dc48d18b1b71231ef0fde289473b109af7e190c5f6ea7431b164aa66046def1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11.831856Z","signature_b64":"n+JN+fnNNzwcBpnDQKbQiChJ8alGTEhsnJMqiACm87X6JEqfvxuIEmlQESpMg3RTeojM610Jyf+b/NA7uJoKCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8dc48d18b1b71231ef0fde289473b109af7e190c5f6ea7431b164aa66046def1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11.831248Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11.831248Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1601.01342","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Pa+ZjoSeuIy3zdDaNWtPMyjzPTQpUFRygN4GJiP0QrBpyCo6gplMfEvaYYWMP4fdsFcp19Hl0C/8Cpw40DBLAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T02:37:24.235019Z"},"content_sha256":"867fd67da9e772b8d90b097e2890f69f16ce05dbea6f037f3a58ec0c2b8d313a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:867fd67da9e772b8d90b097e2890f69f16ce05dbea6f037f3a58ec0c2b8d313a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Security Assessment of Electricity Distribution Networks under DER Node Compromises","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Devendra Shelar, Saurabh Amin","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T22:18:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"This article focuses on the security assessment of electricity Distribution Networks (DNs) with vulnerable Distributed Energy Resource (DER) nodes. The adversary model is simultaneous compromise of DER nodes by strategic manipulation of generation set-points. The loss to the defender (DN operator) includes loss of voltage regulation and cost of induced load control under supply-demand mismatch caused by the attack. A 3-stage Defender-Attacker-Defender (DAD) game is formulated: in Stage 1, the defender chooses a security strategy to secure a subset of DER nodes; in Stage 2, the attacker comprom"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.01342","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CEn3bThbhMVJ/vdOQ96YRUXvMU3nO/lApOl5ecCuQNDjfE6MZB/9QOMwnPY6c6zP0D0HATACmj99MX6bOL3sAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T02:37:24.235432Z"},"content_sha256":"fb5866d34d819c2d2f61044e61e030f8e76ac2bff2b35307e8e820bf2bccc669","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fb5866d34d819c2d2f61044e61e030f8e76ac2bff2b35307e8e820bf2bccc669"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T02:37:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP3YUJI45RBG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dbbbb0add44e10165f0284ab1a99687160facbb586235c700ffd19d22d284702","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T22:18:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"ca67c1404edc8a9919e4a40eb7d6583bdebd44c7e0582a9b224a0ba1df07643e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.01342","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.01342","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.01342v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.01342","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RXCI2GFRW4JD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RXCI2GFRW4JDD3YP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RXCI2GFR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fb5866d34d819c2d2f61044e61e030f8e76ac2bff2b35307e8e820bf2bccc669","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This article focuses on the security assessment of electricity Distribution Networks (DNs) with vulnerable Distributed Energy Resource (DER) nodes. The adversary model is simultaneous compromise of DER nodes by strategic manipulation of generation set-points. The loss to the defender (DN operator) includes loss of voltage regulation and cost of induced load control under supply-demand mismatch caused by the attack. A 3-stage Defender-Attacker-Defender (DAD) game is formulated: in Stage 1, the defender chooses a security strategy to secure a subset of DER nodes; in Stage 2, the attacker comprom","authors_text":"Devendra Shelar, Saurabh Amin","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T22:18:35Z","title":"Security Assessment of Electricity Distribution Networks under DER Node Compromises"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.01342","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:867fd67da9e772b8d90b097e2890f69f16ce05dbea6f037f3a58ec0c2b8d313a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dbbbb0add44e10165f0284ab1a99687160facbb586235c700ffd19d22d284702","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T22:18:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"ca67c1404edc8a9919e4a40eb7d6583bdebd44c7e0582a9b224a0ba1df07643e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.01342","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"8dc48d18b1b71231ef0fde289473b109af7e190c5f6ea7431b164aa66046def1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8dc48d18b1b71231ef0fde289473b109af7e190c5f6ea7431b164aa66046def1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11.831248Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11.831248Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"n+JN+fnNNzwcBpnDQKbQiChJ8alGTEhsnJMqiACm87X6JEqfvxuIEmlQESpMg3RTeojM610Jyf+b/NA7uJoKCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:09:11.831856Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1601.01342","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:867fd67da9e772b8d90b097e2890f69f16ce05dbea6f037f3a58ec0c2b8d313a","sha256:fb5866d34d819c2d2f61044e61e030f8e76ac2bff2b35307e8e820bf2bccc669"],"state_sha256":"46d28eb2466da4d75aeac1423109549ced4cdef7cfd26e4e081415b9c191eb60"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nCNPgoZH5wOO2KG1ttO2azqaM8wk/h0OCGWXsBHgjKfIrEWw1uCgEOrJNJV2nCo2f3OGABtia8uNmnI3s5IWAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T02:37:24.238920Z","bundle_sha256":"af726bb5c44f4b1191d43a532257ddc3b58d0315b5821fc0ab617ce433ad965d"}}