{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7","short_pith_number":"pith:RYGQFS3I","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.02102","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2018-10-04T08:57:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"273c5b2332b92cd4c7e2a0339ccf5ee3208e9b73f3f2fef59914c4f8658a1a19","abstract_canon_sha256":"78dde6f3b6940bc053890f279137c83f3f4c099f0253fae3935a4e1cee7bd305"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8e0d02cb688ef397b446cf449b417f87f6a878466bb4e460b4a06c2198b90c53","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1810.02102","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.02102","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.02102v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.02102","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RYGQFS3IR3ZZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RYGQFS3I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.02102","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2018-10-04T08:57:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"273c5b2332b92cd4c7e2a0339ccf5ee3208e9b73f3f2fef59914c4f8658a1a19","abstract_canon_sha256":"78dde6f3b6940bc053890f279137c83f3f4c099f0253fae3935a4e1cee7bd305"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8e0d02cb688ef397b446cf449b417f87f6a878466bb4e460b4a06c2198b90c53","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46.960310Z","signature_b64":"ho233tWzCuL8oVzbnkVirJOkmY6MOiOyTGb/zfUIm5euXrVL+ZrlwxOKu59seiDgo3cCNbVoOA8kR5ZSbkjNCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8e0d02cb688ef397b446cf449b417f87f6a878466bb4e460b4a06c2198b90c53","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46.959720Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46.959720Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1810.02102","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"URhkL4wAapf9iXyimriyA0LzHA712AA5vDyz2Re5Q3KHQNjMeZMT9YfmiXf9nmDq72QOQiFEXd82y5btU8fLDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:20:17.280272Z"},"content_sha256":"bab060eb5308d9c2da2f39460b71b54a7d0c1488530afa7471c997f1cf4dd77f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bab060eb5308d9c2da2f39460b71b54a7d0c1488530afa7471c997f1cf4dd77f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Confining massless Dirac particles in two-dimensional curved space","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Hans J. Herrmann, Jens-Daniel Debus, Kyriakos Flouris, Miller Mendoza Jimenez","submitted_at":"2018-10-04T08:57:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Dirac particles have been notoriously difficult to confine. Implementing a curved space Dirac equation solver based on the quantum Lattice Boltzmann method, we show that curvature in a 2-D space can confine a portion of a charged, mass-less Dirac fermion wave-packet. This is equivalent to a finite probability of confining the Dirac fermion within a curved space region. We propose a general power law expression for the probability of confinement with respect to average spatial curvature for the studied geometry."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.02102","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sd0ov3PKqzVD4ky5w03c3HIUengt7YrjLkIenfQ+mjZsSymG0e1kG3ygxDjRrIqKQcQszLA9tsHcQTXCOxSdDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:20:17.281001Z"},"content_sha256":"59d209aca1bead46bca5fe8e3960bb4c3e07951487b7d074f99cb6c4afd8d7df","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:59d209aca1bead46bca5fe8e3960bb4c3e07951487b7d074f99cb6c4afd8d7df"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T23:20:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCGZ5CJWQL7Q7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"78dde6f3b6940bc053890f279137c83f3f4c099f0253fae3935a4e1cee7bd305","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2018-10-04T08:57:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"273c5b2332b92cd4c7e2a0339ccf5ee3208e9b73f3f2fef59914c4f8658a1a19"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.02102","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.02102","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.02102v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.02102","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RYGQFS3IR3ZZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RYGQFS3IR3ZZPNCG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RYGQFS3I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:59d209aca1bead46bca5fe8e3960bb4c3e07951487b7d074f99cb6c4afd8d7df","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Dirac particles have been notoriously difficult to confine. Implementing a curved space Dirac equation solver based on the quantum Lattice Boltzmann method, we show that curvature in a 2-D space can confine a portion of a charged, mass-less Dirac fermion wave-packet. This is equivalent to a finite probability of confining the Dirac fermion within a curved space region. We propose a general power law expression for the probability of confinement with respect to average spatial curvature for the studied geometry.","authors_text":"Hans J. Herrmann, Jens-Daniel Debus, Kyriakos Flouris, Miller Mendoza Jimenez","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2018-10-04T08:57:32Z","title":"Confining massless Dirac particles in two-dimensional curved space"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.02102","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bab060eb5308d9c2da2f39460b71b54a7d0c1488530afa7471c997f1cf4dd77f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"78dde6f3b6940bc053890f279137c83f3f4c099f0253fae3935a4e1cee7bd305","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2018-10-04T08:57:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"273c5b2332b92cd4c7e2a0339ccf5ee3208e9b73f3f2fef59914c4f8658a1a19"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.02102","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8e0d02cb688ef397b446cf449b417f87f6a878466bb4e460b4a06c2198b90c53","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8e0d02cb688ef397b446cf449b417f87f6a878466bb4e460b4a06c2198b90c53","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46.959720Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46.959720Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ho233tWzCuL8oVzbnkVirJOkmY6MOiOyTGb/zfUIm5euXrVL+ZrlwxOKu59seiDgo3cCNbVoOA8kR5ZSbkjNCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:46.960310Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1810.02102","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bab060eb5308d9c2da2f39460b71b54a7d0c1488530afa7471c997f1cf4dd77f","sha256:59d209aca1bead46bca5fe8e3960bb4c3e07951487b7d074f99cb6c4afd8d7df"],"state_sha256":"f067c956567139fca6d6bcd24b49d8c93463d9ea40753a1ed7b9292c69fc9f58"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dIR8IC1ClxJqVVLl3GkDcb51rwXf9MPd2sdg3BP4Sk2vEd5GaReZf4bn+ABx5/RpfrqC+d6zSrX/KPN51NyQCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:20:17.284547Z","bundle_sha256":"eabb3f95a4fd196a0fa3da1e8d74947372098bafc0adcc9128ee3dedf2d59186"}}