{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7","short_pith_number":"pith:RZUS3AFX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2004.11849","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-04-24T16:47:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.IV"],"title_canon_sha256":"951623a4b40498ad055239740f7f30f1215e2e33baf4acc33cb68dd249556d2c","abstract_canon_sha256":"2fb44408f01328ea3367e65f7ae8a6542a8b045c3198b9d82a0d5c297d92efdb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8e692d80b7f34f2cd1c7fb39bf5d7657d1fd34b7c4741f5db9766cb924280e33","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2004.11849","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2004.11849","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2004.11849v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2004.11849","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RZUS3AFX6NHS","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RZUS3AFX","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2004.11849","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-04-24T16:47:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.IV"],"title_canon_sha256":"951623a4b40498ad055239740f7f30f1215e2e33baf4acc33cb68dd249556d2c","abstract_canon_sha256":"2fb44408f01328ea3367e65f7ae8a6542a8b045c3198b9d82a0d5c297d92efdb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8e692d80b7f34f2cd1c7fb39bf5d7657d1fd34b7c4741f5db9766cb924280e33","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28.036107Z","signature_b64":"azKs6nBrzh67YE+E3E7XnwIaB7hA5Tn5hsSxIq7VGimTFk9Cdnw/02Ktx5ZTXCJXWNXKhCQZ1QoHaJZZzPxWDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8e692d80b7f34f2cd1c7fb39bf5d7657d1fd34b7c4741f5db9766cb924280e33","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28.035693Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28.035693Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2004.11849","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"b+0zfWWT1Zuv8OzgXfGPtViQfzudn7Vabb0elBA2JBjST+x3SDfYIkn6Kug2dH2l1hyomL2iUC7pg0WEID1gDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T14:25:29.303426Z"},"content_sha256":"4b204516dfccc49872e84e5a46e801de3db7ec78eab2b66293a69363adcad433","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4b204516dfccc49872e84e5a46e801de3db7ec78eab2b66293a69363adcad433"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Bayesian Multilevel Random-Effects Model for Estimating Noise in Image Sensors","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["eess.IV"],"primary_cat":"stat.AP","authors_text":"\\'Angel Marqu\\'es-Mateu, Antonio L\\'opez-Qu\\'ilez, Gabriel Riutort-Mayol, Jos\\'e Luis Lerma, Virgilio G\\'omez-Rubio","submitted_at":"2020-04-24T16:47:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"Sensor noise sources cause differences in the signal recorded across pixels in a single image and across multiple images. This paper presents a Bayesian approach to decomposing and characterizing the sensor noise sources involved in imaging with digital cameras. A Bayesian probabilistic model based on the (theoretical) model for noise sources in image sensing is fitted to a set of a time-series of images with different reflectance and wavelengths under controlled lighting conditions. The image sensing model is a complex model, with several interacting components dependent on reflectance and wa"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2004.11849","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2004.11849/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7cUmq6ru36h3+a9x3T3AwudnYbTofzgInrKt07EvF/XeupedhU1joXETGYNgtXvGMYqCVoMyqYqxekF90vJNDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T14:25:29.303932Z"},"content_sha256":"38aeb44fe8d9a0fd3c1fff8fd7804d82a741d44f9d2b59cdaddb9df006c21fb0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:38aeb44fe8d9a0fd3c1fff8fd7804d82a741d44f9d2b59cdaddb9df006c21fb0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T14:25:29Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH7M436XLWK7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2fb44408f01328ea3367e65f7ae8a6542a8b045c3198b9d82a0d5c297d92efdb","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.IV"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-04-24T16:47:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"951623a4b40498ad055239740f7f30f1215e2e33baf4acc33cb68dd249556d2c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2004.11849","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2004.11849","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2004.11849v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2004.11849","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RZUS3AFX6NHS","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RZUS3AFX6NHSZUOH","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RZUS3AFX","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:38aeb44fe8d9a0fd3c1fff8fd7804d82a741d44f9d2b59cdaddb9df006c21fb0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2004.11849/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Sensor noise sources cause differences in the signal recorded across pixels in a single image and across multiple images. This paper presents a Bayesian approach to decomposing and characterizing the sensor noise sources involved in imaging with digital cameras. A Bayesian probabilistic model based on the (theoretical) model for noise sources in image sensing is fitted to a set of a time-series of images with different reflectance and wavelengths under controlled lighting conditions. The image sensing model is a complex model, with several interacting components dependent on reflectance and wa","authors_text":"\\'Angel Marqu\\'es-Mateu, Antonio L\\'opez-Qu\\'ilez, Gabriel Riutort-Mayol, Jos\\'e Luis Lerma, Virgilio G\\'omez-Rubio","cross_cats":["eess.IV"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-04-24T16:47:22Z","title":"A Bayesian Multilevel Random-Effects Model for Estimating Noise in Image Sensors"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2004.11849","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4b204516dfccc49872e84e5a46e801de3db7ec78eab2b66293a69363adcad433","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2fb44408f01328ea3367e65f7ae8a6542a8b045c3198b9d82a0d5c297d92efdb","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.IV"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-04-24T16:47:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"951623a4b40498ad055239740f7f30f1215e2e33baf4acc33cb68dd249556d2c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2004.11849","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8e692d80b7f34f2cd1c7fb39bf5d7657d1fd34b7c4741f5db9766cb924280e33","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8e692d80b7f34f2cd1c7fb39bf5d7657d1fd34b7c4741f5db9766cb924280e33","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28.035693Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28.035693Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"azKs6nBrzh67YE+E3E7XnwIaB7hA5Tn5hsSxIq7VGimTFk9Cdnw/02Ktx5ZTXCJXWNXKhCQZ1QoHaJZZzPxWDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:07:28.036107Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2004.11849","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4b204516dfccc49872e84e5a46e801de3db7ec78eab2b66293a69363adcad433","sha256:38aeb44fe8d9a0fd3c1fff8fd7804d82a741d44f9d2b59cdaddb9df006c21fb0"],"state_sha256":"c8280e44f55afcbe912fa061e4c39dba989cd17cab36bca4b5b76a15be9176c2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K83lwiqpSEoikWmFhX9OXkMN07SKkaTEISVqpeDgsky6RKdLyc2OWZyQ8ShypvvNzUK/9b9jNYsKqE8tJsl0Cw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T14:25:29.335510Z","bundle_sha256":"b1a1c3e5adf5449de30c73be00f29176c8d2e2784baac423f305147aac9358e5"}}