{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:RZXVQX4IFYC7VS53Q7PKTGEBLE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2ecccb86e9fb1c29ce66ec9aa24e4e29f49ba3fa8ffec250ccc1509639b84917","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-09-18T06:45:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"b2ef4e681c6add317d141c9a94fd907c1a13116035847c044630e99b5a86f88f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.06555","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.06555","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.06555v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.06555","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RZXVQX4IFYC7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RZXVQX4IFYC7VS53","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RZXVQX4I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:541fc2fe13ef355dd95d10925db678c2ee3139e52d3ffe550677a9aeb10e631b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We have performed electronic-structure and lattice-dynamics calculations on the AB and AA structures of bilayer graphene. We study the effect of external electric fields and compare results obtained with different levels of theory to existing theoretical and experimental results. Application of an external field to the AB bilayer alters the electronic spectrum, with the bands changing under bias from a parabolic to a \"Mexican hat\" double-well structure. This results in a semi-metal-to-semiconductor phase transition, with the size of the induced electronic band-gap being tuneable through the fi","authors_text":"A. Walsh, E. Lora da Silva, J. M. Skelton, M. C. Santos, S. C. Parker, Tao Yang, T. Santos","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-09-18T06:45:07Z","title":"Electronic and Phonon Instabilities in Bilayer Graphene under Applied External Bias"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.06555","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8bee3390d44dbdae9219c862024673ef2440040900f03bc7155c702973b71669","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2ecccb86e9fb1c29ce66ec9aa24e4e29f49ba3fa8ffec250ccc1509639b84917","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-09-18T06:45:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"b2ef4e681c6add317d141c9a94fd907c1a13116035847c044630e99b5a86f88f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.06555","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"8e6f585f882e05facbbb87dea99881593d1d3f8df16762d2b8474fbc9d636dc9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8e6f585f882e05facbbb87dea99881593d1d3f8df16762d2b8474fbc9d636dc9","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:25.388486Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:25.388486Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lvptKXdA9lh40t3C6au/tZgFLTA0HZ96rm+Ihmhp4mbWfNwpPdGtfAvFFGMIYq+czifN2xxjVFJDpltPyjnECg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:25.389161Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1809.06555","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8bee3390d44dbdae9219c862024673ef2440040900f03bc7155c702973b71669","sha256:541fc2fe13ef355dd95d10925db678c2ee3139e52d3ffe550677a9aeb10e631b"],"state_sha256":"bea3a120ab9d682d420d6ea2cb72e60396529ecbbc0156b3a9de95721af25476"}