{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG","short_pith_number":"pith:S64RCBGA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2405.05469","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-09T00:00:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f664e7d2c686cc7e9c424e099aca6847516a2150fbf4c0f9af2245036414711a","abstract_canon_sha256":"a6737897ca8c16f2a4bf2ba058ce1ddfdfa5be2ac57563ed70143cb62da079a3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97b91104c0d1861628c895419910ae799490c12f67729adf379aa79fd5c548dd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2405.05469","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2405.05469","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2405.05469v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.05469","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S64RCBGA2GDB","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S64RCBGA2GDBMKGI","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S64RCBGA","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2405.05469","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-09T00:00:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f664e7d2c686cc7e9c424e099aca6847516a2150fbf4c0f9af2245036414711a","abstract_canon_sha256":"a6737897ca8c16f2a4bf2ba058ce1ddfdfa5be2ac57563ed70143cb62da079a3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"97b91104c0d1861628c895419910ae799490c12f67729adf379aa79fd5c548dd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18.784613Z","signature_b64":"ftg6/IGxAsm48yMC5G7ldQzlPOUhjTacMWGq/YSop/5B030j2XtUoI/7CqU3lwh8SACoyxFqY6Vd/m4yGK6eBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"97b91104c0d1861628c895419910ae799490c12f67729adf379aa79fd5c548dd","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18.784131Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18.784131Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2405.05469","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QSY5XRw2td8dMKo/q61LL4//ZLMWu1dnKsQo2oSUuJVGXnzcS+hj5CKvx6TKDoDMwUVvgU+97RpqaatFhRr+Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T22:45:49.786436Z"},"content_sha256":"f54348c5b36e8fdf70656a05dff532971ff683bac12e0fb088234c139dd91d79","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f54348c5b36e8fdf70656a05dff532971ff683bac12e0fb088234c139dd91d79"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"PLLM-CS: Pre-trained Large Language Model (LLM) for Cyber Threat Detection in Satellite Networks","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Dharmendra Sharma, Majid Alsubaie, Marwa Keshk, Mohammed Hassanin, Sara Salim","submitted_at":"2024-05-09T00:00:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"Satellite networks are vital in facilitating communication services for various critical infrastructures. These networks can seamlessly integrate with a diverse array of systems. However, some of these systems are vulnerable due to the absence of effective intrusion detection systems, which can be attributed to limited research and the high costs associated with deploying, fine-tuning, monitoring, and responding to security breaches. To address these challenges, we propose a pretrained Large Language Model for Cyber Security , for short PLLM-CS, which is a variant of pre-trained Transformers ["},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2405.05469","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2405.05469/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3L8VrECiGbzJ8jTwn1pzHBEqZi/cddgJvfpFhRwirkoSajLa14CwvzjgAS0NizMTUNgZ5OSRyKsAVWIL6bZnBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T22:45:49.786937Z"},"content_sha256":"be928869ecf1c9589e109a1840a71953a13f2656bbaa46da87857546e1335762","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:be928869ecf1c9589e109a1840a71953a13f2656bbaa46da87857546e1335762"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T22:45:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:S64RCBGA2GDBMKGISVAZSEFOPG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a6737897ca8c16f2a4bf2ba058ce1ddfdfa5be2ac57563ed70143cb62da079a3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-09T00:00:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"f664e7d2c686cc7e9c424e099aca6847516a2150fbf4c0f9af2245036414711a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2405.05469","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2405.05469","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2405.05469v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.05469","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S64RCBGA2GDB","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S64RCBGA2GDBMKGI","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S64RCBGA","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:be928869ecf1c9589e109a1840a71953a13f2656bbaa46da87857546e1335762","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2405.05469/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Satellite networks are vital in facilitating communication services for various critical infrastructures. These networks can seamlessly integrate with a diverse array of systems. However, some of these systems are vulnerable due to the absence of effective intrusion detection systems, which can be attributed to limited research and the high costs associated with deploying, fine-tuning, monitoring, and responding to security breaches. To address these challenges, we propose a pretrained Large Language Model for Cyber Security , for short PLLM-CS, which is a variant of pre-trained Transformers [","authors_text":"Dharmendra Sharma, Majid Alsubaie, Marwa Keshk, Mohammed Hassanin, Sara Salim","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-09T00:00:27Z","title":"PLLM-CS: Pre-trained Large Language Model (LLM) for Cyber Threat Detection in Satellite Networks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2405.05469","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f54348c5b36e8fdf70656a05dff532971ff683bac12e0fb088234c139dd91d79","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a6737897ca8c16f2a4bf2ba058ce1ddfdfa5be2ac57563ed70143cb62da079a3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-09T00:00:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"f664e7d2c686cc7e9c424e099aca6847516a2150fbf4c0f9af2245036414711a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2405.05469","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"97b91104c0d1861628c895419910ae799490c12f67729adf379aa79fd5c548dd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"97b91104c0d1861628c895419910ae799490c12f67729adf379aa79fd5c548dd","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18.784131Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18.784131Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ftg6/IGxAsm48yMC5G7ldQzlPOUhjTacMWGq/YSop/5B030j2XtUoI/7CqU3lwh8SACoyxFqY6Vd/m4yGK6eBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:17:18.784613Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2405.05469","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f54348c5b36e8fdf70656a05dff532971ff683bac12e0fb088234c139dd91d79","sha256:be928869ecf1c9589e109a1840a71953a13f2656bbaa46da87857546e1335762"],"state_sha256":"823e03e04b9aa2801b2abf11a797bfdd9b37b110100725aa2d05caea4431e064"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gyT8p2salfnV3sQWuhGPu374+uNZ9dpwkHYT9T069b/2VguCBBBOGDEk/+dZx6HYMJLZ8nIfkG6quOJV+RaoAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T22:45:49.791946Z","bundle_sha256":"43ffa9c6276ef02b558588778a78cf61d49d6850c3f11a90615304622be96cb4"}}