{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4","short_pith_number":"pith:S6HVJIY5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1509.02523","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2015-09-08T20:04:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"1de04c353d3d695366064ec69c3221e70ef6a6f09c077e1228c7450065666bef","abstract_canon_sha256":"39bec0db96b77b245695a6a79170ec2af4267292f9e43a556e30c160873be58f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"978f54a31d0c54e6498cd5401d3d115f3bc026dc15727cc74ace3a40447d0c96","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1509.02523","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1509.02523","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1509.02523v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1509.02523","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S6HVJIY5BRKO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S6HVJIY5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1509.02523","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2015-09-08T20:04:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"1de04c353d3d695366064ec69c3221e70ef6a6f09c077e1228c7450065666bef","abstract_canon_sha256":"39bec0db96b77b245695a6a79170ec2af4267292f9e43a556e30c160873be58f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"978f54a31d0c54e6498cd5401d3d115f3bc026dc15727cc74ace3a40447d0c96","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38.393345Z","signature_b64":"1ard/UgoKAuO7zYkLltMcA/1LEsuXO97p8Wv6OHnQfZMbDb8VmEASNI0TB6ozdyLcf44Bkf31WXzyeSVNMRwCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"978f54a31d0c54e6498cd5401d3d115f3bc026dc15727cc74ace3a40447d0c96","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38.392754Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38.392754Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1509.02523","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"asV1Ml8aQ8+yjILQE3SLiJ3v1E0FQJds48d6NxCQR3DAZ9R340pv9tg+JizRF3LR0OGRxumHe+KUDJ+TUoHXBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:50:58.461288Z"},"content_sha256":"1ce8b70cb2677b03205f29c53349f975fd32414244eadc9374949055585b7eec","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1ce8b70cb2677b03205f29c53349f975fd32414244eadc9374949055585b7eec"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Large Opacity Variations in the High-Redshift Lyman-alpha Forest: the Signature of Relic Temperature Fluctuations from Patchy Reionization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Anson D'Aloisio, Hy Trac, Matthew McQuinn","submitted_at":"2015-09-08T20:04:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent observations of the Lyman-alpha forest show large-scale spatial variations in the intergalactic Lyman-alpha opacity that grow rapidly with redshift at z>5, far in excess of expectations from empirically motivated models. Previous studies have attempted to explain this excess with spatial fluctuations in the ionizing background, but found that this required either extremely rare sources or problematically low values for the mean free path of ionizing photons. Here we report that much -- or potentially all -- of the observed excess likely arises from residual spatial variations in tempera"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1509.02523","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hbsOAE8BfjqPSccS/fuNKi4BbCGl/IEjDgv3HVdMZQ44xudsrDti8o688Tvcpfre0gIHNg56GSut7KnQ6pZ4Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:50:58.461662Z"},"content_sha256":"b27090e5e5837b807cef184633246a98217904f3682a66ce5d0b17c78af1e350","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b27090e5e5837b807cef184633246a98217904f3682a66ce5d0b17c78af1e350"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T07:50:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM2VAB2PIRL4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"39bec0db96b77b245695a6a79170ec2af4267292f9e43a556e30c160873be58f","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2015-09-08T20:04:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"1de04c353d3d695366064ec69c3221e70ef6a6f09c077e1228c7450065666bef"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1509.02523","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1509.02523","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1509.02523v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1509.02523","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"S6HVJIY5BRKO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"S6HVJIY5BRKOMSMM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"S6HVJIY5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b27090e5e5837b807cef184633246a98217904f3682a66ce5d0b17c78af1e350","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent observations of the Lyman-alpha forest show large-scale spatial variations in the intergalactic Lyman-alpha opacity that grow rapidly with redshift at z>5, far in excess of expectations from empirically motivated models. Previous studies have attempted to explain this excess with spatial fluctuations in the ionizing background, but found that this required either extremely rare sources or problematically low values for the mean free path of ionizing photons. Here we report that much -- or potentially all -- of the observed excess likely arises from residual spatial variations in tempera","authors_text":"Anson D'Aloisio, Hy Trac, Matthew McQuinn","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2015-09-08T20:04:15Z","title":"Large Opacity Variations in the High-Redshift Lyman-alpha Forest: the Signature of Relic Temperature Fluctuations from Patchy Reionization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1509.02523","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1ce8b70cb2677b03205f29c53349f975fd32414244eadc9374949055585b7eec","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"39bec0db96b77b245695a6a79170ec2af4267292f9e43a556e30c160873be58f","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2015-09-08T20:04:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"1de04c353d3d695366064ec69c3221e70ef6a6f09c077e1228c7450065666bef"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1509.02523","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"978f54a31d0c54e6498cd5401d3d115f3bc026dc15727cc74ace3a40447d0c96","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"978f54a31d0c54e6498cd5401d3d115f3bc026dc15727cc74ace3a40447d0c96","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38.392754Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38.392754Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1ard/UgoKAuO7zYkLltMcA/1LEsuXO97p8Wv6OHnQfZMbDb8VmEASNI0TB6ozdyLcf44Bkf31WXzyeSVNMRwCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:38.393345Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1509.02523","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1ce8b70cb2677b03205f29c53349f975fd32414244eadc9374949055585b7eec","sha256:b27090e5e5837b807cef184633246a98217904f3682a66ce5d0b17c78af1e350"],"state_sha256":"e856f670926a38ad14ec7114375aa271b6fd1d8042c3249807d00d94f0bae8fc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ELClVyHD6IiySYIXt1jilp7MKTqG5qi9w6wlwxaYdpbc6JUQ3UAaOx7NlLm/RBNG4wSiALGu8MiG4Jirwq8wBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:50:58.463636Z","bundle_sha256":"f559a94e710044ecd1a6e3437496826c8475ae1081af966feaeb89446d70898c"}}